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Volume 272, Number 12, Issue of March 21, 1997 pp. 7736-7745
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Constitutive Binding of the Transcription Factor Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Enhancer Binding Factor to the IL-2 Promoter

(Received for publication, August 28, 1996, and in revised form, December 19, 1996)

From the Divisions of Molecular Virology and Hematology-Oncology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-8594

A positive regulatory element in the interleukin-2 (IL-2) promoter, designated the antigen receptor response element-2, is essential for the induction of IL-2 gene expression upon the binding of an inducible multiprotein complex of proteins known as nuclear factor of activated T cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that the winged-helix transcription factor IL-2 enhancer binding factor (ILF) is constitutively expressed in both resting and activated Jurkat cells and binds to two adjacent sequence motifs immediately downstream of the binding site for NFAT. One of these elements has a high degree of homology with consensus binding sites for a variety of winged-helix DNA binding proteins, and the second site functions to modulate ILF binding. Mutagenesis of each of the two sequence elements required for ILF binding decreased IL-2 promoter activity when assayed in transfection assays. Although ILF bound constitutively to the IL-2 promoter, it was not detected as a component of the NFAT complex. These results suggest that important regulatory sequences in the IL-2 promoter are bound by ILF and that this binding may be involved in the control of IL-2 gene expression.

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