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(Received for publication, December 31, 1996, and in revised form, February 4, 1997)
From the Department of Physiology and the We have utilized the yeast two-hybrid system to
identify proteins that interact with the cytoplasmic domain of the
insulin receptor (IR). We identified a human cDNA encoding a
protein that appears to be the human homolog of the yeast MAD2 protein,
which we term hMAD2. The yeast MAD2 protein was first identified in a
genetic screen to identify cell cycle checkpoint regulatory proteins,
yet the mechanism by which MAD2 functions in cell cycle control is
currently unclear. Here we show that hMAD2 requires the COOH-terminal
30 amino acids of the IR for interaction and that hMAD2 does not
interact with the related insulin-like growth factor I receptor.
Interestingly, hMAD2 does not require IR tyrosine autophosphorylation
for interaction because it interacts with a kinase-dead IR in the yeast
two-hybrid system. In support of this finding, hMAD2-GST fusions were
found to interact strongly in vitro with receptors derived
from noninsulin-stimulated cells. Furthermore, using two independent
in vitro assays, IR activation was found to significantly
reduce the interaction of hMAD2 with the IR. Lastly, we show that hMAD2
can be coimmunoprecipitated with the IR from Chinese hamster ovary IR
cell lysates, suggesting that this interaction occurs in
vivo in cells of mammalian origin. Our results suggest that hMAD2
represents a novel class of proteins that is specific for interaction
with the IR as compared with the insulin-like growth factor I receptor
and that interacts best with the inactive IR and is released upon
receptor autophosphorylation. The function of hMAD2 and its potential
role in insulin signaling remain to be elucidated.
Volume 272, Number 15,
Issue of April 11, 1997
pp. 10035-10040
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
EVIDENCE FOR RELEASE FROM THE INSULIN RECEPTOR AFTER
ACTIVATION
and
Program in
Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Maryland School of
Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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