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(Received for publication, June 4, 1996, and in revised form, November 7, 1996)
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From the Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by rat
smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were investigated. SMCs expressed three
kinds of membrane-type MMP, MT1-MMP, MT2-MMP, and MT3-MMP, and the
MT-MMP expression was stimulated by the presence of serum. MT3-MMP was characterized further by cloning its cDNA. A rat MT3-MMP cDNA encoding 607 amino acids and a cDNA for its transmembrane
domainless variant MT3-MMP-del were cloned from a rat SMC cDNA
library; a human MT3-MMP cDNA was cloned from a fetal brain
cDNA library. Human brain MT3-MMP was similar but not identical to
the previously reported human placenta MT3-MMP (94.4% homology). When
the MT3-MMP cDNA was expressed in COS-7 cells, endogenous
progelatinase A was processed to the mature form. The transfection of
rat MT3-MMP-del efficiently converted progelatinase A to the
intermediate form but not to the mature one, indicating that the
transmembrane domain is important for the complete processing of
progelatinase A to maturation. Both MT3-MMP-del and MT3-MMP hydrolyzed
gelatin and casein, indicating their broad substrate specificity.
Results of experiments with a synthetic MMP inhibitor suggested that
MT3-MMP-del and MT3-MMP are rapidly degraded immediately after
maturation. The present study suggests that multiple forms of MMPs
including MT3-MMP are involved in the matrix remodeling of blood
vessels.
Division of Cell Biology,
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