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Volume 272, Number 19, Issue of May 9, 1997 pp. 12714-12722
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

AM67, a Secretory Component of the Guinea Pig Sperm Acrosomal Matrix, Is Related to Mouse Sperm Protein sp56 and the Complement Component 4-binding Proteins

(Received for publication, November 18, 1996, and in revised form, February 7, 1997)

James A. Foster , Bret B. Friday , Maristelle T. Maulit , Carl Blobel ^§ , Virginia P. Winfrey ^¶ , Gary E. Olson ^¶ , Kye-Seong Kim and George L. Gerton

From the  Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and the  Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6080, the ^§ Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Biophysics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, and the ^¶ Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232

The guinea pig sperm acrosomal matrix is the dense core of the acrosome and is likely to be important in acrosome biogenesis and fertilization. Isolated acrosomal matrices are composed of a limited number of major bands when analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, among which is a M_r 67,000 protein that we have termed AM67. Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated that AM67 is localized to the apical segment of the cauda epididymal sperm acrosome. Immunoelectron microscopy further refined the localization of AM67 to the M1 (dorsal bulge) domain within the acrosome. Using a polymerase chain reaction product based upon tryptic peptide sequences from AM67, a gt11 guinea pig testis cDNA library was screened to yield two cDNA clones that encode the AM67 peptides. Northern analysis revealed that AM67 is transcribed as a 1.9-kilobase testis-specific mRNA. The complete AM67 sequence encodes a prepropolypeptide of 533 amino acids with a calculated M_r of 59,768. Following cleavage of a probable signal sequence, the polypeptide was predicted to have a M_r of 56,851 and seven consensus sites for asparagine-linked glycosylation. The deduced amino acid sequence of AM67 is most similar to those of the mouse sperm protein sp56 and the -subunits of complement component 4-binding proteins from various mammalian species. Although mouse sp56 has been reported to be a cell-surface receptor for the murine zona pellucida glycoprotein ZP3, standard immunoelectron microscopy using the anti-sp56 monoclonal antibody 7C5 detected sp56 within the mouse sperm acrosome, but failed to detect sp56 on the surface of acrosome-intact mouse sperm. Furthermore, acrosomal labeling was detected in mouse sperm prepared for immunofluorescence using paraformaldehyde fixation, but was not observed with live unfixed sperm. Thus, the finding that sp56 is present within the acrosome provides further support that sp56 and AM67 are orthologues and suggests that sp56 may function in acrosomal matrix-zona pellucida interactions during and immediately following the acrosome reaction in the mouse.

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