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Volume 272, Number 20, Issue of May 16, 1997 pp. 13355-13364
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Interaction of MutS Protein with the Major and Minor Grooves of a Heteroduplex DNA

(Received for publication, January 10, 1997, and in revised form, March 12, 1997)

Indranil Biswas and Peggy Hsieh

From the Genetics and Biochemistry Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1810

Thermus aquaticus MutS protein is a DNA mismatch repair protein that recognizes and binds to heteroduplex DNAs containing mispaired or unpaired bases. Using enzymatic and chemical probe methods, we have examined the binding of Taq MutS protein to a heteroduplex DNA having a single unpaired thymidine residue. DNase I footprinting identifies a symmetrical region of protection 24-28 nucleotides long centered on the unpaired base. Methylation protection and interference studies establish that Taq MutS protein makes contacts with the major groove of the heteroduplex in the immediate vicinity of the unpaired base. Hydroxyl radical and 1,10-phenanthroline-copper footprinting experiments indicate that MutS also interacts with the minor groove near the unpaired base. Together with the identification of key phosphate groups detected by ethylation interference, these data reveal critical contact points residing in the major and minor grooves of the heteroduplex DNA.


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