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(Received for publication, January 23, 1997, and in revised form, March 25, 1997)
From the Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression,
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5055
In vivo, transcription factors
interact with promoters having complex nucleoprotein structures. The
transiently expressed progesterone receptor (PR) efficiently activates
a transfected mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter but is a poor
activator of the MMTV promoter when it acquires an ordered chromatin
structure as an endogenous, replicating gene. We show that the
deficiency in PR activity is not due to insufficient expression of
either B or A isoforms or competition between the two types of MMTV
templates. Rather, this deficiency reflects an inability to induce the
chromatin remodeling event that is required for activation of the
replicated MMTV template. To determine whether this characteristic is
common to transiently expressed steroid receptors or specific to the PR, we examined the activity of transiently expressed glucocorticoid (GR) receptor. Unlike the PR, the transiently expressed GR is an
effective activator of both MMTV templates and efficiently induces the
necessary chromatin remodeling event at the replicated template. These
results indicate that the GR and PR have unique requirements for
activation of promoters with ordered chromatin structure. These
differences may provide a mechanism for establishing target gene
specificity in vivo for steroid receptors that recognize and bind to identical DNA sequences.
Volume 272, Number 22,
Issue of May 30, 1997
pp. 14227-14235
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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