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(Received for publication, February 28, 1997, and in revised form, April 7, 1997)
From the Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, Division of Basic
Sciences, NCI, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1152
In most instances, the transfer of ubiquitin to
target proteins is catalyzed by the action of ubiquitin protein ligases
(E3s). Full-length cDNAs encoding murine E6-associated protein
(mE6-AP) as well as Nedd-4, a protein that is homologous to E6-AP in
its C terminus, were cloned. Nedd-4 and mouse E6-AP are both
enzymatically active E3s and function with members of the UbcH5 family
of E2s. Mouse E6-AP, like its human counterpart, ubiquitinates p53 in the presence of human papilloma virus E6 protein, while Nedd-4 does
not. Consistent with its role in p53 ubiquitination, mE6-AP was found
both in the nucleus and cytosol, while Nedd-4 was found only in the
cytosol. Binding studies implicate a 150-amino acid region that is 40%
identical between mE6-AP and Nedd-4 as a binding site for the
C-terminal portion of an E2 enzyme (UbcH5B). Nedd-4 was determined to
have a second nonoverlapping E2 binding site that recognizes the first
67 amino acids of UbcH5B but not the more C-terminal portion of this
E2. These findings provide the first demonstration of physical
interactions between mammalian E2s and E3s and establish that these
interactions occur independently of ubiquitin and an intact E3
catalytic domain. Furthermore, the presence of two E2 binding sites
within Nedd-4 suggests models for ubiquitination involving multiple E2
enzymes associated with E3s.
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