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(Received for publication, February 18, 1997, and in revised form, March 31, 1997)
Secretory phospholipases A2
(sPLA2s) represent a rapidly expanding family of
structurally related enzymes found in mammals as well as in insect and
snake venoms. In this report, a cDNA coding for a novel
sPLA2 has been isolated from human fetal lung, and its gene
has been mapped to chromosome 16p13.1-p12. The mature sPLA2
protein has a molecular mass of 13.6 kDa, is acidic (pI 5.3), and made
up of 123 amino acids. Key structural features of the sPLA2
include: (i) a long prepropeptide ending with an arginine doublet, (ii)
16 cysteines located at positions that are characteristic of both group
I and group II sPLA2s, (iii) a C-terminal extension typical
of group II sPLA2s, (iv) and the absence of elapid and
pancreatic loops that are characteristic of group I sPLA2s.
Based on these structural properties, this sPLA2 appears as
a first member of a new group of sPLA2s, called group X. A
1.5-kilobase transcript coding for the human group X (hGX)
sPLA2 was found in spleen, thymus, and peripheral blood leukocytes, while a less abundant 0.8-kilobase transcript was detected
in the pancreas, lung, and colon. When the hGX sPLA2 cDNA was expressed in COS cells, sPLA2 activity
preferentially accumulated in the culture medium, indicating that hGX
sPLA2 is an actively secreted enzyme. It is maximally
active at physiological pH and with 10 mM Ca2+.
hGX sPLA2 prefers phosphatidylethanolamine and
phosphatidylcholine liposomes to those of phosphatidylserine.
Volume 272, Number 25,
Issue of June 20, 1997
pp. 15745-15752
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
,
,
and
From the Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire
et Cellulaire, CNRS UPR 411, Sophia Antipolis, 660 route des Lucioles,
06560 Valbonne, France, 
U406 INSERM Génétique
Médicale, et Développement, Faculté de
Médecine, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France, and ¶ URA 1283 CNRS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire
Saint Antoine, 27 rue Chaligny, 75012 Paris, France
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