|
Volume 272, Number 26,
Issue of June 27, 1997
pp. 16644-16651
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Mice Deficient in Cellular Glutathione Peroxidase Develop
Normally and Show No Increased Sensitivity to Hyperoxia
(Received for publication, April 7, 1997, and in revised form, April 30, 1997)
Ye-Shih
Ho
,
Jean-Luc
Magnenat
,
Roderick T.
Bronson
,
Jin
Cao
,
Mary
Gargano
,
Masayoshi
Sugawara
and
Colin D.
Funk

From the Institute of Chemical Toxicology and
Department of Biochemistry, Wayne State University,
Detroit, Michigan 48201, the Department of Pathology, School
of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, and the
 Center for Experimental Therapeutics,
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Glutathione peroxidase, a selenium-containing
enzyme, is believed to protect cells from the toxicity of
hydroperoxides. The physiological role of this enzyme has previously
been implicated mainly using animals fed with a selenium-deficient
diet. Although selenium deficiency also affects the activity of several
other cellular selenium-containing enzymes, a dramatic decrease of
glutathione peroxidase activity has been postulated to play a role in
the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, particularly those whose progression is associated with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species, found in selenium-deficient animals. To further clarify the
physiological relevance of this enzyme, a model of mice deficient in
cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1), the major isoform of
glutathione peroxidase ubiquitously expressed in all types of cells,
was generated by gene-targeting technology. Mice deficient in this
enzyme were apparently healthy and fertile and showed no increased
sensitivity to hyperoxia. Their tissues exhibited neither a retarded
rate in consuming extracellular hydrogen peroxide nor an increased
content of protein carbonyl groups and lipid peroxidation compared with
those of wild-type mice. However, platelets from GSHPx-1-deficient mice
incubated with arachidonic acid generated less
12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and more polar products relative to
control platelets at a higher concentration of arachidonic acid,
presumably reflecting a decreased ability to reduce the 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid intermediate. These results suggest
that the contribution of GSHPx-1 to the cellular antioxidant mechanism
under normal animal development and physiological conditions and to the
pulmonary defense against hyperoxic insult is very limited.
Nevertheless, the potential antioxidant role of this enzyme in
protecting cells and animals against the pathogenic effect of reactive
oxygen species in other disorders remains to be defined. The knockout
mouse model described in this report will also provide a new tool for
future study to distinguish the physiological role of this enzyme from
other selenium-containing proteins in mammals under normal and disease
states.

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A. K. Singh and H. Shichi
A Novel Glutathione Peroxidase in Bovine Eye. SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, mRNA LEVEL, AND TRANSLATION
J. Biol. Chem.,
October 2, 1998;
273(40):
26171 - 26178.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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M. A. Beck, R. S. Esworthy, Y. Ho, and F. Chu
Glutathione peroxidase protects mice from viral-induced myocarditis
FASEB J,
September 1, 1998;
12(12):
1143 - 1149.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
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J. B. de Haan, C. Bladier, P. Griffiths, M. Kelner, R. D. O'Shea, N. S. Cheung, R. T. Bronson, M. J. Silvestro, S. Wild, S. S. Zheng, et al.
Mice with a Homozygous Null Mutation for the Most Abundant Glutathione Peroxidase, Gpx1, Show Increased Susceptibility to the Oxidative Stress-inducing Agents Paraquat and Hydrogen Peroxide
J. Biol. Chem.,
August 28, 1998;
273(35):
22528 - 22536.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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W.-H. Cheng, Y.-S. Ho, B. A. Valentine, D. A. Ross,, G. F. Combs Jr., and X. G. Lei
Cellular Glutathione Peroxidase Is the Mediator of Body Selenium To Protect against Paraquat Lethality in Transgenic Mice
J. Nutr.,
July 1, 1998;
128(7):
1070 - 1076.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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K. B. BECKMAN and B. N. AMES
The Free Radical Theory of Aging Matures
Physiol Rev,
April 1, 1998;
78(2):
547 - 581.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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E. N. Johnson, L. F. Brass, and C. D. Funk
Increased platelet sensitivity to ADP in mice lacking platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase
PNAS,
March 17, 1998;
95(6):
3100 - 3105.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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J. H. Beattie, A. M. Wood, A. M. Newman, I. Bremner, K. H. A. Choo, A. E. Michalska, J. S. Duncan, and P. Trayhurn
Obesity and hyperleptinemia in metallothionein (-I and -II) null mice
PNAS,
January 6, 1998;
95(1):
358 - 363.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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M. A. Forgione, N. Weiss, S. Heydrick, A. Cap, E. S. Klings, C. Bierl, R. T. Eberhardt, H. W. Farber, and J. Loscalzo
Cellular glutathione peroxidase deficiency and endothelial dysfunction
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,
April 1, 2002;
282(4):
H1255 - H1261.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
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Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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