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Volume 272, Number 28, Issue of July 11, 1997 pp. 17880-17886
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Diversity of the Escherichia coli Type 1 Fimbrial Lectin
DIFFERENTIAL BINDING TO MANNOSIDES AND UROEPITHELIAL CELLS

(Received for publication, December 17, 1996, and in revised form, April 22, 1997)

Evgeni V. Sokurenko , Veronika Chesnokova , Ron J. Doyle ^¶ and David L. Hasty

From the  Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, the ^¶ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, and the  Research Service (151), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38104

Type 1 fimbriae are the most common adhesive organelles of Escherichia coli. Because of their virtual ubiquity, previous epidemiological studies have not found a correlation between the presence of type 1 fimbriae and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Recently it has become clear that type 1 fimbriae exhibit several different phenotypes, due to allelic variation of the gene for the lectin subunit, FimH, and that these phenotypes are differentially distributed among fecal and UTI isolates. In this study, we have analyzed in more detail the ability of isogenic, recombinant strains of E. coli expressing fimH genes of the predominant fecal and UTI phenotypes to adhere to glycoproteins and to uroepithelial cells. Evidence was obtained to indicate that type 1 fimbriae differ in their ability to recognize various mannosides, utilizing at least two different mechanisms. All FimH subunits studied to date are capable of mediating adhesion via trimannosyl residues, but only certain variants are capable of mediating high levels of adhesion via monomannosyl residues. The ability of the FimH lectins to interact with monomannosyl residues strongly correlates with their ability to mediate E. coli adhesion to uroepithelial cells. In this way, it would be possible for certain phenotypic variants of type 1 fimbriae to contribute more than others to virulence of E. coli in the urinary tract.

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