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Volume 272, Number 33, Issue of August 15, 1997 pp. 20564-20571
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Trimeric G Proteins Control Exocytosis in Chromaffin Cells
G_o REGULATES THE PERIPHERAL ACTIN NETWORK AND CATECHOLAMINE SECRETION BY A MECHANISM INVOLVING THE SMALL GTP-BINDING PROTEIN Rho

(Received for publication, February 26, 1997, and in revised form, May 27, 1997)

From the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U-338 Biologie de la Communication Cellulaire, 5 rue Blaise Pascal, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France and  Toxines Microbiennes, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France

Besides having a role in signal transduction, heterotrimeric G proteins may be involved in membrane trafficking events. In chromaffin cells, G_o is associated with secretory organelles and its activation by mastoparan inhibits the ATP-dependent priming of exocytosis. The effectors by which G_o controls exocytosis are currently unknown. The subplasmalemmal actin network is one candidate, since it modulates secretion by controlling the movement of secretory granules to the plasma membrane. In streptolysin-O-permeabilized chromaffin cells, activation of exocytosis produces disassembly of cortical actin filaments. Mastoparan blocks the calcium-evoked disruption of cortical actin, and this effect is specifically inhibited by antibodies against G_o and by a synthetic peptide corresponding to the COOH-terminal domain of G_o. Disruption of actin filaments with cytochalasin E and Clostridium perfringens iota toxin partially reverses the mastoparan-induced inhibition of secretion. Furthermore, the effects of mastoparan on cortical actin and exocytosis are greatly reduced in cells treated with Clostridium botulinum C3 exoenzyme, which specifically inactivates the small G protein Rho. We propose that the control exerted by the granule-associated G_o on exocytosis may be related to effects on the cortical actin network through a sequence of events which eventually involves the participation of Rho.

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