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Volume 272, Number 33, Issue of August 15, 1997 pp. 20907-20912
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Induction of IgE Antibody Responses by Glutathione S-Transferase from the German Cockroach (Blattella germanica)

(Received for publication, April 1, 1997, and in revised form, May 27, 1997)

L. Karla Arruda , Lisa D. Vailes , Thomas A. E. Platts-Mills ^§ , Mary Lou Hayden and Martin D. Chapman ^§

From the Asthma and Allergic Diseases Center, Departments of  Internal Medicine and ^§ Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

We report that a major 23-kDa allergen from German cockroach (Blattella germanica) is a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18; GST). Natural B. germanica GST, purified from cockroach body extracts by glutathione affinity chromatography, and recombinant protein expressed in Escherichia coli using the pET21a vector, showed excellent IgE antibody binding activity. B. germanica GST caused positive immediate skin tests in cockroach-allergic patients using as little as 3 pg of recombinant protein. The NH₂-terminal sequence of the natural protein and the deduced amino acid sequence from cDNA were identical except for one substitution (Phe⁹  Cys). Assignment of this protein to the GST superfamily was based on binding to glutathione and sequence identity (42-51%) to the GST-2 subfamily from insects, including Anopheles gambiae and Drosophila melanogaster. B. germanica GST contained 18 of the 26 invariable residues identified in mammalian GST by x-ray crystallography and exhibited enzymic activity against a GST substrate. Our results show that cockroach GST causes IgE antibody responses and is associated with asthma. The data strongly support the view that the immune response to GST plays an important role in allergic diseases.

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