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Volume 272, Number 34,
Issue of August 22, 1997
pp. 21495-21503
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Two-hybrid Analysis Reveals Fundamental Differences in Direct
Interactions between Desmoplakin and Cell Type-specific Intermediate
Filaments
(Received for publication, April 9, 1997)
Jin-Jun
Meng
,
Elayne A.
Bornslaeger
§
,
Kathleen J.
Green
§
,
Peter M.
Steinert
¶
and
Wallace
Ip
From the Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and
Anatomy, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
45267-0521, the § Departments of Pathology and Dermatology,
Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, and the ¶ Laboratory of Skin Biology, NIAMS, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Desmosomes are cell junctions that
act as sites of strong intercellular adhesion and also serve to anchor
the intermediate filament (IF) cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane of a
variety of cell types. Previous studies demonstrated that the COOH
terminus of the desmosomal plaque protein, desmoplakin (DP), is
required for the association of DP with IF networks in cultured cells
and that this domain interacts directly with type II epidermal keratin polypeptides in vitro. However, these studies left open the
question of how desmosomes might anchor other IF types known to
associate with these junctions. In this report we used yeast two-hybrid and in vitro dot blot assays to further examine the
requirements for direct interactions between desmoplakin and various IF
types.
Our results confirm the ability of the DP COOH terminus (DPCT) to
interact with at least two regions of the head domain of the type II
epidermal keratin K1 and also demonstrate that DPCT can interact with
the type III IF family members, vimentin and desmin, as well as simple
epithelial keratins. Unlike the situation for type II epidermal
keratins, the interaction between DPCT and simple epithelial keratins
appears to depend on heterodimerization of the type I and II keratin
polypeptides, since both are required to detect an interaction.
Furthermore, although the interaction between DPCT and K1 requires the
keratin head domain, deletion of this domain from the simple epithelial
keratins does not compromise interaction with DPCT. The interaction
between DPCT and type III or simple epithelial keratins also appeared
to be less robust than that between DPCT and K1. In the case of K8/K18,
however, the interaction as assessed by yeast two-hybrid assays
increased 9-fold when a serine located in a protein kinase A consensus
phosphorylation site 23 residues from the end of DP was altered to a
glycine. Taken together, these data indicate that DP interacts directly with different IF types in specific ways.

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Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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