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(Received for publication, June 13, 1997, and in revised form, July 8, 1997)
From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine,
Nashville, Tennessee 37232
Activation of transcription factor NF-
Volume 272, Number 36,
Issue of September 5, 1997
pp. 22377-22380
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
COMMUNICATION:
B
Regulates the
Function of NF-
B/I
B
Complexes
B
involves the signal-dependent degradation of basally
phosphorylated inhibitors such as I
B
and I
B
. The gene
encoding I
B
is under NF-
B control, which provides a negative
feedback loop to terminate the induced NF-
B response. However,
recent studies have identified a hypophosphorylated pool of I
B
that shields nuclear NF-
B from inhibition by newly synthesized
I
B
. In the present work, we provide three lines of evidence
indicating that this protection mechanism is regulated by the
C-terminal PEST domain of I
B
. First, disruption of two basal
phosphoacceptors present in the I
B
PEST domain (Ser-313 and
Ser-315) yields a mutant that forms ternary complexes with NF-
B and
its target DNA-binding site. Second, based on in vitro mixing experiments, these ternary complexes are resistant to the inhibitory action of I
B
. Third, mutants of I
B
that are
defective for phosphorylation at Ser-313 and Ser-315 fail to
efficiently block NF-
B-directed transcription in vivo,
whereas replacement of these two I
B
residues with a phosphoserine
mimetic generates a fully functional repressor. Taken together, our
findings suggest that the functional fate of NF-
B when bound to
I
B
is critically dependent on the phosphorylation status of the
I
B
PEST domain.
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