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Volume 272, Number 38, Issue of September 19, 1997 pp. 23469-23472
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

COMMUNICATION:
The Copper Chaperone for Superoxide Dismutase

(Received for publication, June 20, 1997, and in revised form, July 16, 1997)

Valeria Cizewski Culotta Dagger , Leo W. J. Klomp , Jeffrey Strain Dagger , Ruby Leah B. Casareno , Bernhard Krems Dagger and Jonathan D. Gitlin

From the Dagger  Division of Toxicological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205 and the  Edward Mallinckrodt Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110-1014

Copper is distributed to distinct localizations in the cell through diverse pathways. We demonstrate here that the delivery of copper to copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is mediated through a soluble factor identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae LYS7 and human CCS (copper chaperone for SOD). This factor is specific for SOD1 and does not deliver copper to proteins in the mitochondria, nucleus, or secretory pathway. Yeast cells containing a lys7Delta null mutation have normal levels of SOD1 protein, but fail to incorporate copper into SOD1, which is therefore devoid of superoxide scavenging activity. LYS7 and CCS specifically restore the biosynthesis of holoSOD1 in vivo. Elucidation of the CCS copper delivery pathway may permit development of novel therapeutic approaches to human diseases that involve SOD1, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.


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