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(Received for publication, July 7, 1997, and in revised form, August 9, 1997)
,
From the Primary regulation of uncoupling protein is
mediated by purine nucleotides, which bind to the protein and
allosterically inhibit fatty acid-induced proton transport. To gain
increased understanding of nucleotide regulation, we evaluated the role
of basic amino acid residues using site-directed mutagenesis. Mutant
and wild-type proteins were expressed in yeast, purified, and
reconstituted into liposomes. We studied nucleotide binding as well as
inhibition of fatty acid-induced proton transport in wild-type and six
mutant uncoupling proteins. None of the mutations interfered with
proton transport. Two lysine mutants and a histidine mutant had no
effect on nucleotide binding or inhibition. Arg83 and
Arg182 mutants completely lost both the ability to bind
nucleotides and nucleotide inhibition. Surprisingly, the
Arg276 mutant exhibited normal nucleotide binding, but
completely lost nucleotide inhibition. To account for this dissociation
between binding and inhibition, we propose a three-stage
binding-conformational change model of nucleotide regulation of
uncoupling protein. We have now identified three nucleotides by
site-directed mutagenesis that are essential for nucleotide interaction
with uncoupling protein.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology, Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology, Portland,
Oregon 97291-1000 and the ¶ Department of Biochemistry, McMaster
University, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
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