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(Received for publication, April 30, 1997, and in revised form, August 8, 1997)
From the ¶ Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Thyroid hormone nuclear receptors (TRs) are
ligand-dependent transcription factors which regulate
growth, differentiation, and development. The molecular mechanisms by
which TRs mediate these diverse effects are unclear. One emerging
hypothesis suggests that TRs could mediate these diverse effects via
cooperation with different transcription factors/receptors. Indeed, we
have recently shown that the human TR subtype
Volume 272, Number 46,
Issue of November 14, 1997
pp. 28989-28993
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Tumor Suppressor p53 Is a Negative Regulator in Thyroid
Hormone Receptor Signaling Pathways
,
Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, NCI,
National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255 and the
§ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Japan
1 (h-TR
1) interacts
with the tumor suppressor p53. p53 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in cell cycle regulation and tumor development. To
assess the physiological relevance of the interaction of h-TR
1 with
p53, the present study addressed the question as to whether the
functions of h-TR
1 could be modulated by p53. We first compared the
h-TR
1-mediated transcriptional activity in two pairs of isogenic cell lines, RKO/RKO E6 and MCF-7/MCF-7 E6. RKO and MCF-7 cells are
colon and breast carcinoma cell lines, respectively, that contain p53
but lack TR
1. The isogenic RKO E6 and MCF-7 E6 cells are stable
clones expressing high levels of papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein. In
these cells, the level of p53 protein was lower than the parental
cells. The impairment of p53 functions in these E6-containing cells led
to an activation of TR
1-mediated transcriptional activity.
Furthermore, in a growth hormone-producing cell line in which the
expression of the growth hormone gene is positively regulated by TRs,
overexpression of the wild-type p53 led to repression in the expression
of the growth hormone gene. Thus, TRs could cross-talk with p53 in its
signaling pathways to regulate gene regulatory functions. The present
findings further strengthen the hypothesis that mediation of the
pleiotropic effects of T3 requires the cooperation of
TRs with a large network of transcription factors.
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