JBC INTERFERin siRNA transfection reagent

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Volume 272, Number 6, Issue of February 7, 1997 pp. 3369-3375
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

Kinetics of Fusion between Endoplasmic Reticulum Vesicles in Vitro

(Received for publication, June 13, 1996, and in revised form, October 1, 1996)

Joke G. Orsel , Ingrid Bartoldus and Toon Stegmann

From the Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Biozentrum of the University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, CH 4056 Basel, Switzerland

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic organelle, continuously undergoing membrane fusion and fission. We have measured homotypic fusion between ER vesicles isolated from Chinese hamster ovary cells kinetically in vitro, using an assay based on the metabolic incorporation of pyrene-labeled fatty acids into the phospholipids of cellular membranes. An increase in pyrene-monomer fluorescence was observed after mixing labeled and unlabeled ER vesicles in the presence of ATP and GTP. The protein, temperature, and nucleotide dependence of the increase indicated that it was caused by membrane fusion rather than molecular transfer of labeled lipids to unlabeled membranes. This assay allowed the first kinetic measurements with virtually nonexchangeable probes of a homotypic membrane fusion event. At 37 °C, fusion started off immediately at a rate of 1.14 ± 0.29%/min and reached a half-maximal level after 56 min. In the presence of guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPgamma S), or after treatment of the membranes with N-ethylmaleimide, fusion was reduced but not completely inhibited. Addition of GTP during a fusion reaction immediately accelerated, and GTPgamma S immediately slowed down the fusion reaction. Thus, these kinetic measurements indicate that G-proteins might act to rapidly enhance fusion beyond a basic level.


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Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.