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Volume 272, Number 7, Issue of February 14, 1997 pp. 4342-4346
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Characterization of Mouse Rt6.1 NAD:Arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase

(Received for publication, May 21, 1996, and in revised form, October 4, 1996)

From the Pulmonary-Critical Care Medicine Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1590 and ^§ Diabetes Division, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605

Rat RT6 proteins, and perhaps mouse Rt6, identify a set of immunoregulatory T lymphocytes. Rat RT6.1 (RT6.1) and rat RT6.2 (RT6.2) are NAD glycohydrolases, which catalyze auto-ADP-ribosylation, but not ADP-ribosylation of exogenous proteins. Mouse Rt6.1 (mRt6.1) also catalyzes auto-ADP-ribosylation. The activity of mouse cytotoxic T lymphocytes is reportedly inhibited by ADP-ribosylation of surface proteins, raising the possibility that mRt6 may participate in this process. The reactions catalyzed by mRt6, would, however, need to be more diverse than those of the rat homologues and include the ADP-ribosylation of acceptors other than itself. To test this hypothesis, mRt6.1 and rat RT6.2 were synthesized in Sf9 insect cells and rat mammary adenocarcinoma (NMU) cells. mRt6.1, but not rat RT6.2, catalyzed the ADP-ribosylation of guanidino-containing compounds (e.g. agmatine). Unlike RT6.2, mRt6.1 was a weak NAD glycohydrolase. In the presence of agmatine, however, the ratio of [adenine-¹⁴C]ADP-ribosylagmatine formation from [adenine-¹⁴C]NAD to [carbonyl-¹⁴C]nicotinamide formation from [carbonyl-¹⁴C]NAD was ~1.0, demonstrating that mRt6.1 is primarily a transferase. ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase, which preferentially hydrolyzes the -anomer of ADP-ribosylarginine, released [U-¹⁴C]arginine from ADP-ribosyl[U-¹⁴C]arginine synthesized by mRT6.1, consistent with the conclusion that mRt6.1 catalyzes a stereospecific S_n2-like reaction. Thus, mRt6.1 is an NAD:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase capable of catalyzing a multiple turnover, stereospecific S_n2-like reaction.

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