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(Received for publication, August 2, 1996, and in revised form, November 7, 1996)
From SUGEN, Inc., Redwood City, California 94063
Cadherins are transmembrane receptors with an
extracellular domain that participates in homophilic cell to cell
adhesion and a cytoplasmic domain that associates with proteins called
catenins. Cadherin-mediated adhesion as well as adhesion-independent
functions for catenins play important roles in differentiation,
development, and malignant transformation. Mechanisms that regulate
steady-state catenin levels and cadherin-catenin complex stability are
poorly understood, but activities of both the Wnt-1 proto-oncogene and tyrosine kinases are implicated. Here I define, at the biochemical level, distinct mechanisms that modulate steady-state catenin levels.
Increased cadherin expression, providing more catenin binding sites,
leads to selective stabilization of the cadherin-associated population
of
Volume 272, Number 7,
Issue of February 14, 1997
pp. 4536-4543
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF Wnt-1 AND v-Src
- and
-catenin, but not p120cas. In contrast,
expression of Wnt-1 leads primarily to increased stability of the
uncomplexed pool of
-catenin without effect on p120cas.
Significantly, the Wnt-1-induced stabilization of uncomplexed
-catenin is independent of cadherin expression. Transformation by
v-Src does not disrupt the catenin-cadherin complex despite the
phosphorylation of E-cadherin and
-catenin on tyrosine. In contrast
to the effects of Wnt-1, v-Src does not modulate the uncomplexed
population of
-catenin. p120cas is phosphorylated on
tyrosine by v-Src, and this is accompanied by a significant decrease in
the level of uncomplexed p120cas as well as a change in
behavior of p120cas upon biochemical fractionation. Taken
together these data suggest that p120cas and
-catenin are
regulated independently.
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