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(Received for publication, September 13, 1996, and in revised form, November 22, 1996)
From the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of
Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry,
Rochester, New York 14642
Inactivation of Saccharomyces
cerevisiae poly(A) polymerase in a strain bearing the
temperature-sensitive lethal pap1-1 mutation results in
the synthesis of poly(A)
Volume 272, Number 9,
Issue of February 28, 1997
pp. 6004-6010
©1997 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
mRNA during Translation Initiation in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
mRNAs that initiate
translation with surprising efficiency. Translation of
poly(A) mRNAs after polyadenylation shut-off might
result from an increase in the ratio of ribosomes and associated
translation factors to mRNA, caused by the inability of
poly(A) mRNAs to accumulate to normal levels. To test
this hypothesis, we used ribosomal subunit protein gene mutations to
decrease either 40 or 60 S ribosomal subunit concentrations in strains
carrying the pap1-1 mutation. Polyadenylation shut-off in
such cells results in a nearly normal ratio of ribosomes to mRNA as
revealed by polyribosome sedimentation analysis. Ribonuclease
protection and Northern blot analyses showed that a significant
percentage of poly(A)-deficient and poly(A) mRNA
associate with smaller polyribosomes compared with cells with normal
ribosome levels. Analysis of the ratio of poly(A)-deficient and
poly(A) forms of a specific mRNA showed relatively
more poly(A) mRNA sedimenting with 20-60 S complexes
than do poly(A)+ forms, suggesting a block in an early step
of the translation initiation of the poly(A) transcripts.
These findings support models featuring the poly(A) tail as an enhancer
of translation and suggest that the full effect of a poly(A) tail on
the initiation strength of a mRNA may require competition for a
limited number of free ribosomes or translation factors.
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