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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 12, 6744-6749, March 20, 1998
,
,
From the Sea anemone venom is known to contain toxins that
are active on voltage-sensitive Na+ channels, as well
as on delayed rectifier K+ channels belonging to the Kv1
family. This report describes the properties of a new set of peptides
from Anemonia sulcata that act as blockers of a specific
member of the Kv3 potassium channel family. These toxins, blood
depressing substance (BDS)-I and BDS-II, are 43 amino acids long and
differ at only two positions. They share no sequence homologies with
other K+ channel toxins from sea anemones, such as AsKS,
AsKC, ShK, or BgK. In COS-transfected cells, the Kv3.4 current was
inhibited in a reversible manner by BDS-I, with an IC50
value of 47 nM. This inhibition is specific because BDS-I
failed to block other K+ channels in the Kv1, Kv2, Kv3, and
Kv4 subfamilies. Inward rectifier K+ channels are also
insensitive to BDS-I. BDS-I and BDS-II share the same binding site on
brain synaptic membranes, with K0.5 values of
12 and 19 nM, respectively. We observed that BDS-I and
BDS-II have some sequence homologies with other sea anemone
Na+ channels toxins, such as AsI, AsII, and AxI. However,
they had a weak effect on tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+
channels in neuroblastoma cells and no effect on Na+
channels in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. BDS-I and BDS-II are the
first specific blockers identified so far for the rapidly inactivating
Kv3.4 channel.
Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire
et Cellulaire, CNRS, 660 route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis,
06560 Valbonne, France and the § Klinikum der
Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Abteilung Toxikologie,
Brunswiker Strasse 10, 2300 Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany
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