| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 14, 7787-7790, April 3, 1998
From the Burnham Institute, Program on Apoptosis & Cell Death
Regulation, La Jolla, California 92037
The inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs)
constitute an evolutionarily conserved family of homologous proteins
that suppress apoptosis induced by multiple stimuli. Some IAP family
proteins, including XIAP, cIAP-1, and cIAP-2, can bind and directly
inhibit selected caspases, a group of intracellular cell death
proteases. These caspase-inhibiting IAP family proteins all contain
three tandem BIR domains followed by a RING zinc finger domain. To
determine the structural basis for caspase inhibition by XIAP, we
analyzed the effects of various fragments of this IAP family protein on caspase activity in vitro and on apoptosis suppression in
intact cells. The RING domain of XIAP failed to inhibit the activity of
recombinant caspases-3 or -7, whereas a fragment of XIAP encompassing the three tandem BIR domains potently inhibited these caspases in
vitro and blocked Fas (CD95)-induced apoptosis when expressed in
cells. Further dissection of the XIAP protein demonstrated that only
the second of the three BIR domains (BIR2) was capable of binding and
inhibiting these caspases. The apparent inhibition constants
(Ki) for BIR2-mediated inhibition of caspases-3 and
-7 were 2-5 nM, indicating that this single BIR domain
possesses potent anti-caspase activity. Expression of the BIR2 domain
in cells also partially suppressed Fas-induced apoptosis and
blocked cytochrome c-induced processing of caspase-9 in
cytosolic extracts, whereas BIR1 and BIR3 did not. These findings
identify BIR2 as the minimal caspase-inhibitory domain of XIAP and
indicate that a single BIR domain can be sufficient for binding and
inhibiting caspases.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Kim, J. Park, S. Choi, S.-G. Chi, A. L. Mowbray, H. Jo, and H. Park X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Is an Important Regulator of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Dependent Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cell Survival Circ. Res., April 25, 2008; 102(8): 896 - 904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Sekine, K. Takubo, R. Kikuchi, M. Nishimoto, M. Kitagawa, F. Abe, K. Nishikawa, T. Tsuruo, and M. Naito Small Molecules Destabilize cIAP1 by Activating Auto-ubiquitylation J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2008; 283(14): 8961 - 8968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. MOR Inflammation and Pregnancy: The Role of Toll-like Receptors in Trophoblast-Immune Interaction Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., April 1, 2008; 1127(1): 121 - 128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. A. G. M. Cillessen, J. C. Reed, K. Welsh, C. Pinilla, R. Houghten, E. Hooijberg, J. Deurhof, K. C. M. Castricum, P. Kortman, C. J. Hess, et al. Small-molecule XIAP antagonist restores caspase-9 mediated apoptosis in XIAP-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells Blood, January 1, 2008; 111(1): 369 - 375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Gao, Y. Tian, J. Wang, Q. Yin, H. Wu, Y.-M. Li, and X. Jiang A Dimeric Smac/Diablo Peptide Directly Relieves Caspase-3 Inhibition by XIAP: DYNAMIC AND COOPERATIVE REGULATION OF XIAP BY SMAC/DIABLO J. Biol. Chem., October 19, 2007; 282(42): 30718 - 30727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Weisberg, A. L. Kung, R. D. Wright, D. Moreno, L. Catley, A. Ray, L. Zawel, M. Tran, J. Cools, G. Gilliland, et al. Potentiation of antileukemic therapies by Smac mimetic, LBW242: effects on mutant FLT3-expressing cells Mol. Cancer Ther., July 1, 2007; 6(7): 1951 - 1961. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Straszewski-Chavez, I. P. Visintin, N. Karassina, G. Los, P. Liston, R. Halaban, A. Fadiel, and G. Mor XAF1 Mediates Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha}-induced Apoptosis and X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Cleavage by Acting through the Mitochondrial Pathway J. Biol. Chem., April 27, 2007; 282(17): 13059 - 13072. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Ruby, C. Whittaker, D. R. Withers, M. K. Chelbi-Alix, V. Morin, A. Oudin, J. R. Young, and R. Zoorob Transcriptional profiling reveals a possible role for the timing of the inflammatory response in determining susceptibility to a viral infection. J. Virol., September 1, 2006; 80(18): 9207 - 9216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Han, Y.-S. Chen, Z. Liu, N. Bodyak, D. Rigor, E. Bisping, W. T. Pu, and P. M. Kang Overexpression of HAX-1 Protects Cardiac Myocytes From Apoptosis Through Caspase-9 Inhibition Circ. Res., August 18, 2006; 99(4): 415 - 423. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lane, M. Cote, R. Grondin, M.-C. Couture, and A. Piche Acquired resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells is conferred by increased turnover of mature caspase-3. Mol. Cancer Ther., March 1, 2006; 5(3): 509 - 521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. L. Straszewski-Chavez, V. M. Abrahams, and G. Mor The Role of Apoptosis in the Regulation of Trophoblast Survival and Differentiation during Pregnancy Endocr. Rev., December 1, 2005; 26(7): 877 - 897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. C. LACASSE, E. R. KANDIMALLA, P. WINOCOUR, T. SULLIVAN, S. AGRAWAL, J. W. GILLARD, and J. DURKIN Application of XIAP Antisense to Cancer and Other Proliferative Disorders: Development of AEG35156/ GEM(R)640 Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., November 1, 2005; 1058(1): 215 - 234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Krajewska, H. Kim, C. Kim, H. Kang, K. Welsh, S.-i. Matsuzawa, M. Tsukamoto, R. G. Thomas, N. Assa-Munt, Z. Piao, et al. Analysis of Apoptosis Protein Expression in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer Suggests Opportunities for New Prognostic Biomarkers Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2005; 11(15): 5451 - 5461. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Konishi, S. Sasaki, T. Watanabe, J. Kitayama, and H. Nagawa Overexpression of hRFI (human ring finger homologous to inhibitor of apoptosis protein type) inhibits death receptor-mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells Mol. Cancer Ther., May 1, 2005; 4(5): 743 - 750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Honda, H. Tanikawa, J. Fukuda, K. Kawamura, N. Sato, T. Sato, Y. Shimizu, H. Kodama, and T. Tanaka Expression of Smac/DIABLO in mouse preimplantation embryos and its correlation to apoptosis and fragmentation Mol. Hum. Reprod., March 1, 2005; 11(3): 183 - 188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Morizane, R. Honda, K. Fukami, and H. Yasuda X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Functions as Ubiquitin Ligase toward Mature Caspase-9 and Cytosolic Smac/DIABLO J. Biochem., February 1, 2005; 137(2): 125 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Wang, M. Cuddy, T. Samuel, K. Welsh, A. Schimmer, F. Hanaii, R. Houghten, C. Pinilla, and J. C. Reed Cellular, Biochemical, and Genetic Analysis of Mechanism of Small Molecule IAP Inhibitors J. Biol. Chem., November 12, 2004; 279(46): 48168 - 48176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Papa, F. Zazzeroni, C. G. Pham, C. Bubici, and G. Franzoso Linking JNK signaling to NF-{kappa}B: a key to survival J. Cell Sci., October 15, 2004; 117(22): 5197 - 5208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Sasaki, J. Kitayama, T. Watanabe, T. Konishi, and H. Nagawa Diffuse Expression of hRFI is Correlated with Blood Vessel Invasion in Gastric Carcinoma Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol., October 1, 2004; 34(10): 584 - 587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. M. Abrahams, P. Bole-Aldo, Y. M. Kim, S. L. Straszewski-Chavez, T. Chaiworapongsa, R. Romero, and G. Mor Divergent Trophoblast Responses to Bacterial Products Mediated by TLRs J. Immunol., October 1, 2004; 173(7): 4286 - 4296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Davoodi, L. Lin, J. Kelly, P. Liston, and A. E. MacKenzie Neuronal Apoptosis-inhibitory Protein Does Not Interact with Smac and Requires ATP to Bind Caspase-9 J. Biol. Chem., September 24, 2004; 279(39): 40622 - 40628. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. M. Pushkarev, D. V. Starenki, V. A. Saenko, H. Namba, J. Kurebayashi, M. D. Tronko, and S. Yamashita Molecular Mechanisms of the Effects of Low Concentrations of Taxol in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells Endocrinology, July 1, 2004; 145(7): 3143 - 3152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Reed, K. S. Doctor, and A. Godzik The Domains of Apoptosis: A Genomics Perspective Sci. Signal., June 29, 2004; 2004(239): re9 - re9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Saito, T. Hayashi, S. Okuno, T. Nishi, and P. H. Chan Oxidative Stress Is Associated With XIAP and Smac/DIABLO Signaling Pathways in Mouse Brains After Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia Stroke, June 1, 2004; 35(6): 1443 - 1448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Asanuma, N. Tsuji, T. Endoh, A. Yagihashi, and N. Watanabe Survivin Enhances Fas Ligand Expression via Up-Regulation of Specificity Protein 1-Mediated Gene Transcription in Colon Cancer Cells J. Immunol., March 15, 2004; 172(6): 3922 - 3929. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Lewis, E. Burstein, S. B. Reffey, S. B. Bratton, A. B. Roberts, and C. S. Duckett Uncoupling of the Signaling and Caspase-inhibitory Properties of X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., March 5, 2004; 279(10): 9023 - 9029. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. L. Straszewski-Chavez, V. M. Abrahams, E. F. Funai, and G. Mor X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) confers human trophoblast cell resistance to Fas-mediated apoptosis Mol. Hum. Reprod., January 1, 2004; 10(1): 33 - 41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Fu, Y. Jin, and L. J. Arend Smac3, a Novel Smac/DIABLO Splicing Variant, Attenuates the Stability and Apoptosis-inhibiting Activity of X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein J. Biol. Chem., December 26, 2003; 278(52): 52660 - 52672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Wang, X. Wang, and B. M. Evers Induction of cIAP-2 in Human Colon Cancer Cells through PKC{delta}/NF-{kappa}B J. Biol. Chem., December 19, 2003; 278(51): 51091 - 51099. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Krajewska, S. Krajewski, S. Banares, X. Huang, B. Turner, L. Bubendorf, O.-P. Kallioniemi, A. Shabaik, A. Vitiello, D. Peehl, et al. Elevated Expression of Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins in Prostate Cancer Clin. Cancer Res., October 15, 2003; 9(13): 4914 - 4925. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Nachmias, Y. Ashhab, V. Bucholtz, O. Drize, L. Kadouri, M. Lotem, T. Peretz, O. Mandelboim, and D. Ben-Yehuda Caspase-Mediated Cleavage Converts Livin from an Antiapoptotic to a Proapoptotic Factor: Implications for Drug-Resistant Melanoma Cancer Res., October 1, 2003; 63(19): 6340 - 6349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Hu, G. Cherton-Horvat, V. Dragowska, S. Baird, R. G. Korneluk, J. P. Durkin, L. D. Mayer, and E. C. LaCasse Antisense Oligonucleotides Targeting XIAP Induce Apoptosis and Enhance Chemotherapeutic Activity against Human Lung Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2003; 9(7): 2826 - 2836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Q.-H. Yang, R. Church-Hajduk, J. Ren, M. L. Newton, and C. Du Omi/HtrA2 catalytic cleavage of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) irreversibly inactivates IAPs and facilitates caspase activity in apoptosis Genes & Dev., June 15, 2003; 17(12): 1487 - 1496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Petrin, A. Baker, S. G. Coupland, P. Liston, M. Narang, K. Damji, B. Leonard, V. A. Chiodo, A. Timmers, W. Hauswirth, et al. Structural and Functional Protection of Photoreceptors from MNU-Induced Retinal Degeneration by the X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., June 1, 2003; 44(6): 2757 - 2763. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. C. Reed, K. Doctor, A. Rojas, J. M. Zapata, C. Stehlik, L. Fiorentino, J. Damiano, W. Roth, S.-i. Matsuzawa, R. Newman, et al. Comparative Analysis of Apoptosis and Inflammation Genes of Mice and Humans Genome Res., June 1, 2003; 13(6): 1376 - 1388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Fujii, T. Matsui, D. P. Heatherly, K. H. Schlegel, P. I. Lobo, T. Yutsudo, G. M. Ciraolo, R. E. Morris, and T. Obrig Rapid Apoptosis Induced by Shiga Toxin in HeLa Cells Infect. Immun., May 1, 2003; 71(5): 2724 - 2735. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Tamm, M. Trepel, M. Cardo-Vila, Y. Sun, K. Welsh, E. Cabezas, A. Swatterthwait, W. Arap, J. C. Reed, and R. Pasqualini Peptides Targeting Caspase Inhibitors J. Biol. Chem., April 11, 2003; 278(16): 14401 - 14405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Wang, P. U. Rippstein, and B. K. Tsang Role and Gonadotrophic Regulation of X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Expression During Rat Ovarian Follicular Development In Vitro Biol Reprod, February 1, 2003; 68(2): 610 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Galvin, R. W. G. Watson, J. I. Gillespie, H. Brady, and J. M. Fitzpatrick Mechanical stretch regulates cell survival in human bladder smooth muscle cells in vitro Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2002; 283(6): F1192 - F1199. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Qin, B. Camoretti-Mercado, L. Blokh, C. G. Long, F. D. Ko, and K. J. Hamann Fas Resistance of Leukemic Eosinophils Is Due to Activation of NF-{kappa}B by Fas Ligation J. Immunol., October 1, 2002; 169(7): 3536 - 3544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Muthumani, D. S. Hwang, B. M. Desai, D. Zhang, N. Dayes, D. R. Green, and D. B. Weiner HIV-1 Vpr Induces Apoptosis through Caspase 9 in T Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells J. Biol. Chem., September 27, 2002; 277(40): 37820 - 37831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. M. Pedersen, S. Kitada, A. Schimmer, Y. Kim, J. M. Zapata, L. Charboneau, L. Rassenti, M. Andreeff, F. Bennett, M. B. Sporn, et al. The triterpenoid CDDO induces apoptosis in refractory CLL B cells Blood, September 26, 2002; 100(8): 2965 - 2972. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Kobayashi, K. Yamashita, T. Takeoka, T. Ohtsuki, Y. Suzuki, R. Takahashi, K. Yamamoto, S. H. Kaufmann, T. Uchiyama, M. Sasada, et al. Calpain-mediated X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Degradation in Neutrophil Apoptosis and Its Impairment in Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia J. Biol. Chem., September 6, 2002; 277(37): 33968 - 33977. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Boivin, S. Gendron, E. Beaulieu, D. Gingras, and R. Beliveau The Antiangiogenic Agent Neovastat (Ae-941) Induces Endothelial Cell Apoptosis Mol. Cancer Ther., August 1, 2002; 1(10): 795 - 802. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Li, Y. Zhao, X. He, T.-H. Kim, D. K. Kuharsky, H. Rabinowich, J. Chen, C. Du, and X.-M. Yin Relief of Extrinsic Pathway Inhibition by the Bid-dependent Mitochondrial Release of Smac in Fas-mediated Hepatocyte Apoptosis J. Biol. Chem., July 19, 2002; 277(30): 26912 - 26920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Silke, C. J. Hawkins, P. G. Ekert, J. Chew, C. L. Day, M. Pakusch, A. M. Verhagen, and D. L. Vaux The anti-apoptotic activity of XIAP is retained upon mutation of both the caspase 3- and caspase 9-interacting sites J. Cell Biol., April 1, 2002; 157(1): 115 - 124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Sanna, J. d. S. Correia, O. Ducrey, J. Lee, K. Nomoto, N. Schrantz, Q. L. Deveraux, and R. J. Ulevitch IAP Suppression of Apoptosis Involves Distinct Mechanisms: the TAK1/JNK1 Signaling Cascade and Caspase Inhibition Mol. Cell. Biol., March 15, 2002; 22(6): 1754 - 1766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. K. X. Maier, Z. Lahoua, N. H. Gendron, R. Fetni, A. Johnston, J. Davoodi, D. Rasper, S. Roy, R. S. Slack, D. W. Nicholson, et al. The Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein Is a Direct Inhibitor of Caspases 3 and 7 J. Neurosci., March 15, 2002; 22(6): 2035 - 2043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. T. Doyle, A. J. O'Neill, P. Newsholme, J. M. Fitzpatrick, and R. W. G. Watson The loss of IAP expression during HL-60 cell differentiation is caspase-independent J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2002; 71(2): 247 - 254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. I. Cornu and J. C. de la Torre RING Finger Z Protein of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) Inhibits Transcription and RNA Replication of an LCMV S-Segment Minigenome J. Virol., October 1, 2001; 75(19): 9415 - 9426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. M. Troy, S. A. Rabacchi, J. B. Hohl, J. M. Angelastro, L. A. Greene, and M. L. Shelanski Death in the Balance: Alternative Participation of the Caspase-2 and -9 Pathways in Neuronal Death Induced by Nerve Growth Factor Deprivation J. Neurosci., July 15, 2001; 21(14): 5007 - 5016. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Suzuki, Y. Nakabayashi, and R. Takahashi Ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein promotes proteasomal degradation of caspase-3 and enhances its anti-apoptotic effect in Fas-induced cell death PNAS, July 5, 2001; (2001) 161506698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. W. M. Richter, S. S. Mir, L. J. Eiben, J. Lewis, S. B. Reffey, A. Frattini, L. Tian, S. Frank, R. J. Youle, D. L. Nelson, et al. Molecular Cloning of ILP-2, a Novel Member of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Family Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 2001; 21(13): 4292 - 4301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S Yamasaki, A Kawakami, T Nakashima, H Nakamura, M Kamachi, S Honda, Y Hirai, A Hida, H Ida, K Migita, et al. Importance of NF-{kappa}B in rheumatoid synovial tissues: in situ NF-{kappa}B expression and in vitro study using cultured synovial cells Ann Rheum Dis, July 1, 2001; 60(7): 678 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Asselin, Y. Wang, and B. K. Tsang X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Activates the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway in Rat Granulosa Cells during Follicular Development Endocrinology, June 1, 2001; 142(6): 2451 - 2457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Harlin, S. B. Reffey, C. S. Duckett, T. Lindsten, and C. B. Thompson Characterization of XIAP-Deficient Mice Mol. Cell. Biol., May 15, 2001; 21(10): 3604 - 3608. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. L. Nogal, G. González de Buitrago, C. Rodríguez, B. Cubelos, A. L. Carrascosa, M. L. Salas, and Y. Revilla African Swine Fever Virus IAP Homologue Inhibits Caspase Activation and Promotes Cell Survival in Mammalian Cells J. Virol., March 15, 2001; 75(6): 2535 - 2543. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Asselin, G. B. Mills, and B. K. Tsang XIAP Regulates Akt Activity and Caspase-3-dependent Cleavage during Cisplatin-induced Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Epithelial Cancer Cells Cancer Res., March 1, 2001; 61(5): 1862 - 1868. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Levkau, K. J. Garton, N. Ferri, K. Kloke, J.-R. Nofer, H. A. Baba, E. W. Raines, and G. Breithardt xIAP Induces Cell-Cycle Arrest and Activates Nuclear Factor-{{kappa}}B : New Survival Pathways Disabled by Caspase-Mediated Cleavage During Apoptosis of Human Endothelial Cells Circ. Res., February 16, 2001; 88(3): 282 - 290. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
