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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 15, 9013-9022, April 10, 1998
From the High pressure liquid chromatography
profiles of barley leaf epidermal soluble and cell wall-bound phenolics
were analyzed in response to challenge with the fungal pathogen
Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei. Only one
soluble phenolic was found to accumulate differentially in a broad
spectrum resistance reaction controlled by mlo resistance
alleles in comparison to susceptible near isogenic Mlo
lines. Structural analysis identified this compound as a novel phenolic
conjugate, p-coumaroyl-hydroxyagmatine (p-CHA).
p-CHA but not the nonhydroxylated derivative
p-coumaroylagmatine exhibited antifungal activity both
in vitro and in vivo. The accumulation of
p-CHA in epidermal tissue correlated tightly with fungal
penetration attempts of attacked host cells. Furthermore, upon
penetration, epidermal cell wall-bound phenolics became resistant to
saponification at sites of attempted fungal ingress (papilla),
indicating a change in, or the addition of, different chemical bonding
types. The switch in saponification sensitivity occurred at least
2 h earlier in the mlo-incompatible than in the
Mlo-compatible interaction. Our results suggest that
p-CHA and the speed of papillae compaction play important
roles in non-race-specific powdery mildew defense.
Structural Analyses and Dynamics of Soluble and Cell Wall-bound
Phenolics in a Broad Spectrum Resistance to the Powdery Mildew Fungus
in Barley
,
Sainsbury Laboratory, John Innes Centre,
Colney Lane, NR4 7UH Norwich, United Kingdom and the
§ Institute of Food Research, Norwich Laboratory, Norwich
Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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