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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 19, 11533-11543, May 8, 1998
From the a Canadian Bacterial Diseases Network,
b Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council,
Ottawa, K1A 0R6 Ontario, Canada, the e Department of Medical
Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2H7
Alberta, Canada, g Department of Medical Microbiology, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, the
i Division of Gastroenterology, Zurich University Scool of
Medicine, Zurich, Switzerland, the h Department of Medicine,
Vanderbilt University and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville,
Tennessee, and the k Department of Microbiology, National
University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
Previous structural investigations performed on
the lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from the human gastric pathogen
Helicobacter pylori have revealed that these cell surface
glycan molecules express type 2 partially fucosylated, glucosylated, or
galactosylated N-acetyllactosamine O antigen chains
(O-chains) of various lengths, which may or may not be terminated at
the nonreducing end by Lewis X (Lex) and/or Ley
blood group epitopes in mimicry of human cell surface glycoconjugates and glycolipids. Subsequently, serological experiments with
commercially available Lewis-specific monoclonal antibodies also have
recognized the presence of Lex and Ley blood
group antigens in H. pylori but, in addition, have
indicated the presence of type 1 chain Lea,
Leb, and Led (H-type 1) blood group epitopes in
some H. pylori strains. To confirm their presence,
structural studies and additional serological experiments were
undertaken on H. pylori strains suspected of carrying type
1 chain epitopes. These investigations revealed that the O-chain region
of H. pylori strain UA948 carried both Lea
(type 1) and Lex (type 2) blood group determinants. The
O-chain from H. pylori UA955 LPS expressed the terminal
Lewis disaccharide (type 1 chain) and Lex and
Ley antigens (type 2). The O-chain of H. pylori
J223 LPS carried the type 1 chain precursor Lec, the
H-1 epitope (Led, type 1 chain) and an elongated
nonfucosylated type 2 N-acetyllactosamine chain (i
antigen). Thus, O-chains from H. pylori LPSs can also express fucosylated type 1 sequences, and the LPS from a single H. pylori strain may carry O-chains with type 1 and 2 Lewis
blood groups simultaneously. That monoclonal antibodies putatively
specific for the Leb determinant can detect glycan
substructures (Le disaccharide, Lec, and Led)
of Leb indicates their nonspecificity. The expression of
both type 1 and 2 Lewis antigens by H. pylori LPSs mimics
the cell surface glycomolecules present in both the gastric superficial
(which expresses mainly type 1 determinants) and the superficial and glandular epithelium regions (both of which express predominantly type
2 determinants). Therefore, each H. pylori strain may have a different niche within the gastric mucosa, and each individual LPS
blood group antigen may have a dissimilar role in H. pylori adaptation.
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