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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 20, 12316-12324, May 15, 1998

The G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 2 Is a Microtubule-associated Protein Kinase That Phosphorylates Tubulin

Julie A. Pitcher, Randy A. Hall, Yehia Daaka, Jie ZhangDagger , Stephen S. G. FergusonDagger , Susan Hester, Sara Miller, Marc G. CaronDagger , Robert J. Lefkowitz, and Larry S. BarakDagger

From the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories and Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Dagger  Cell Biology, and  Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

The G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and desensitizes agonist-occupied G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Here we demonstrate that GRK2 is a microtubule-associated protein and identify tubulin as a novel GRK2 substrate. GRK2 is associated with microtubules purified from bovine brain, forms a complex with tubulin in cell extracts, and colocalizes with tubulin in living cells. Furthermore, an endogenous tubulin kinase activity that copurifies with microtubules has properties similar to GRK2 and is inhibited by anti-GRK2 monoclonal antibodies. Indeed, GRK2 phosphorylates tubulin in vitro with kinetic parameters very similar to those for phosphorylation of the agonist-occupied beta 2-adrenergic receptor, suggesting a functionally relevant role for this phosphorylation event. In a cellular environment, agonist occupancy of GPCRs, which leads to recruitment of GRK2 to the plasma membrane and its subsequent activation, promotes GRK2-tubulin complex formation and tubulin phosphorylation. These findings suggest a novel role for GRK2 as a GPCR signal transducer mediating the effects of GPCR activation on the cytoskeleton.


Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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