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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 21, 12770-12778, May 22, 1998
3-Galactosyltransferases
-N-ACETYL-GLUCOSAMINE/-NACETYL-GALACTOSAMINE
-1,3-GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE FAMILY
§,§,
,,,,, and
From the BLAST analysis of expressed sequence tags
(ESTs) using the coding sequence of a human
UDP-galactose: School of Dentistry, University of
Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark,
§ Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of
University of Porto, IPATIMUP, Rua Dr. R. Frias s/n, 4200 Porto,
Portugal, ¶ University of Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Research
Center, Athens, Georgia 30602, Department of Cell Surface
Biochemistry, Northwest Hospital, Seattle, Washington 98125, and
** Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases,
University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198 .
-N-acetyl-glucosamine -1,3-galactosyltransferase, designated 3Gal-T1, revealed no ESTs
with identical sequences but a large number with similarity. Three
different sets of overlapping ESTs with sequence similarities to
3Gal-T1 were compiled, and complete coding regions of these genes
were obtained. Expression of two of these genes in the Baculo virus
system showed that one represented a
UDP-galactose:-N-acetyl-glucosamine -1,3-galactosyltransferase (3Gal-T2) with similar kinetic
properties as 3Gal-T1. Another gene represented a
UDP-galactose:-N-acetyl-galactosamine -1,3-galactosyltransferase (3Gal-T4) involved in
GM1/GD1 ganglioside synthesis, and this gene
was highly similar to a recently reported rat GD1 synthase
(Miyazaki, H., Fukumoto, S., Okada, M., Hasegawa, T., and Furukawa, K. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 24794-24799). Northern
analysis of mRNA from human organs with the four homologous cDNA revealed different expression patterns. 3Gal-T1 mRNA
was expressed in brain, 3Gal-T2 was expressed in brain and heart, and 3Gal-T3 and -T4 were more widely expressed. The coding regions for each of the four genes were contained in single exons. 3Gal-T2, -T3, and -T4 were localized to 1q31, 3q25, and 6p21.3, respectively, by
EST mapping. The results demonstrate the existence of a family of
homologous 3-galactosyltransferase genes.
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