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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 22, 13482-13487, May 29, 1998
From the Atlantic Research Centre, Departments of Pediatrics and
Biochemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H
4H7, Canada
Cholinephosphotransferase (EC 2.7.8.2) catalyzes
the formation of a phosphoester bond via the transfer of a
phosphocholine moiety from CDP-choline to diacylglycerol forming
phosphatidylcholine and releasing CMP. A motif,
Asp113-Gly114-(X)2-Ala117-Arg118-(X)8-Gly127-(X)3-Asp131-(X)3-Asp135,
located within the CDP-choline binding region of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cholinephosphotransferase (CPT1 ?/Author:
Please confirm that a gene is meant here.) is also found in several
other phospholipid synthesizing enzymes that catalyze the formation of
a phosphoester bond utilizing a CDP-alcohol and a second alcohol as
substrates. To determine if this motif is diagnostic of the above
reaction type scanning alanine mutagenesis of the conserved residues
within S. cerevisiae cholinephosphotransferase was
performed. Enzyme activity was assessed in vitro using a
mixed micelle enzyme assay and in vivo by determining the
ability of the mutant enzymes to restore phosphatidylcholine synthesis
from radiolabeled choline in an S. cerevisiae strain devoid
of endogenous cholinephosphotransferase activity. Alanine mutants of
Gly114, Gly127, Asp131, and
Asp135 were inactive; mutants, Ala117 and
Arg118 displayed reduced enzyme activity, and
Asp113 displayed wild type activity. The analysis described
is the first molecular characterization of a CDP-alcohol
phosphotransferase motif and results predict a catalytic role utilizing
a general base reaction proceeding through Asp131 or
Asp135 via a direct nucleophilic attack of the hydroxyl of
diacylglyerol on the phosphoester bond of CDP-choline that does not
proceed via an enzyme bound intermediate. Residues Ala117
and Arg118 do not participate directly in catalysis but are
likely involved in substrate binding or positioning with
Arg118 predicted to associate with a phosphate moiety of
CDP-choline.
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