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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 27, 16655-16658, July 3, 1998
From the Department of Pharmacology, Veterinary Medical Center,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
The Rho subfamily GTP-binding protein Cdc42
mediates actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell cycle progression
and is essential for Ras transformation. Expression of a Cdc42 mutant
(Cdc42(F28L)) that undergoes spontaneous activation (guanine nucleotide
exchange) results in transformation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts. In this
report, we show that deletion of residues 120-139 from Cdc42(F28L),
which comprise an insert region unique to Rho subfamily proteins but is
missing in other GTP-binding proteins, yields a Cdc42 molecule that
still undergoes spontaneous GTP-GDP exchange and stimulates both actin
cytoskeletal changes and the activation of the cellular targets
p21-activated kinase and the c-Jun kinase (JNK1). However, this Cdc42
mutant is unable to transform cells. These findings indicate that the
Rho subfamily insert region is dispensable for many of the known
signaling pathways initiated by activated Cdc42 but is essential for
its regulation of cell growth.
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