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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 27, 16998-17011, July 3, 1998

The Mini-hemoglobins in Neural and Body Wall Tissue of the Nemertean Worm, Cerebratulus lacteus

Thomas L. VandergonDagger , Claire K. RiggsDagger , Thomas A. GorrDagger , James M. Colacinoparallel , and Austen F. RiggsDagger

From the Dagger  Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712-1064 and the parallel  Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631

Hemoglobin (Hb) occurs in circulating red blood cells, neural tissue, and body wall muscle tissue of the nemertean worm, Cerebratulus lacteus. The neural and body wall tissue each express single major Hb components for which the amino acid sequences have been deduced from cDNA and genomic DNA. These 109-residue globins form the smallest stable Hbs known. The globin genes have three exons and two introns with splice sites in the highly conserved positions of most globin genes. Alignment of the sequences with those of other globins indicates that the A, B, and H helices are about one-half the typical length. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that shortening results in a small tendency of globins to group together regardless of their actual relationships. The neural and body wall Hbs in situ are half-saturated with O2 at 2.9 and 4.1 torr, respectively. The Hill coefficient for the neural Hb in situ, ~2.9, suggests that the neural Hb self-associates in the deoxy state at least to tetramers at the 2-3 mM (heme) concentration estimated in the cells. The Hb must dissociate upon oxygenation and dilution because the weight-average molecular mass of the HbO2 in vitro is only about 18 kDa at 2-3 µM heme concentration. Calculations suggest that the Hb can function as an O2 store capable of extending neuronal activity in an anoxic environment for 5-30 min.


Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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