| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 28, 17477-17482, July 10, 1998
Signal Transduction
§ and
From the Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been
implicated in the induction of apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center,
A2-025, Seattle, Washington 98109 and the § Division of
Neuroscience, Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurobiology,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
(TNF) and other cytotoxic insults, although the molecule(s)
regulated by ROS in TNF signaling have not been identified.
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is a member of the
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK) superfamily
that has been shown to be activated during TNF-induced apoptosis.
ASK1 increases apoptosis when overexpressed, but the mechanism of ASK1
activation and the mechanisms of ASK1-induced apoptosis are unclear. We
now report that hydrogen peroxide induces the activation of ASK1 in 293 cells. TNF-induced activation of ASK1 was inhibited by antioxidants.
Hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis was markedly enhanced by the
expression of ASK1. These results suggest that TNF-induced
activation of ASK1 is mediated by ROS. We also examined how ASK1
activity is regulated by ROS. We found that ASK1 formed dimers or
higher order oligomers in 293 cells. TNF or hydrogen peroxide
treatment increased the dimeric form of ASK1, and pretreatment with
N-acetylcysteine decreased it. Furthermore, synthetic
dimerization of an ASK1-gyrase B fusion protein by coumermycin resulted
in substantial activation of ASK1, suggesting that dimerization of ASK1
is sufficient for its activation. These results taken together suggest
that TNF causes ASK1 activation via ROS-mediated dimerization of
ASK1.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. Luo, Y. He, H. Zhang, L. Yu, H. Chen, Z. Xu, S. Tang, F. Urano, and W. Min AIP1 Is Critical in Transducing IRE1-mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response J. Biol. Chem., May 2, 2008; 283(18): 11905 - 11912. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. C. Berk Atheroprotective Signaling Mechanisms Activated by Steady Laminar Flow in Endothelial Cells Circulation, February 26, 2008; 117(8): 1082 - 1089. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Langley, M. A. D'Annibale, K. Suh, I. Ayoub, A. Tolhurst, B. Bastan, L. Yang, B. Ko, M. Fisher, S. Cho, et al. Pulse Inhibition of Histone Deacetylases Induces Complete Resistance to Oxidative Death in Cortical Neurons without Toxicity and Reveals a Role for Cytoplasmic p21waf1/cip1 in Cell Cycle-Independent Neuroprotection J. Neurosci., January 2, 2008; 28(1): 163 - 176. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Nadeau, S. J. Charette, M. B. Toledano, and J. Landry Disulfide Bond-mediated Multimerization of Ask1 and Its Reduction by Thioredoxin-1 Regulate H2O2-induced c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase Activation and Apoptosis Mol. Biol. Cell, October 1, 2007; 18(10): 3903 - 3913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Zhang, H. Zhang, Y. Lin, J. Li, J. S. Pober, and W. Min RIP1-mediated AIP1 Phosphorylation at a 14-3-3-binding Site Is Critical for Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced ASK1-JNK/p38 Activation J. Biol. Chem., May 18, 2007; 282(20): 14788 - 14796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Zhan, J. B. Easton, S. Huang, A. Mishra, L. Xiao, E. R. Lacy, R. W. Kriwacki, and P. J. Houghton Negative Regulation of ASK1 by p21Cip1 Involves a Small Domain That Includes Serine 98 That Is Phosphorylated by ASK1 In Vivo Mol. Cell. Biol., May 1, 2007; 27(9): 3530 - 3541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Pantano, V. Anathy, P. Ranjan, N. H. Heintz, and Y. M. W. Janssen-Heininger Nonphagocytic Oxidase 1 Causes Death in Lung Epithelial Cells via a TNF-RI-JNK Signaling Axis Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., April 1, 2007; 36(4): 473 - 479. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. S. Alavi, L. Acevedo, W. Min, and D. A. Cheresh Chemoresistance of Endothelial Cells Induced by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Depends on Raf-1-Mediated Inhibition of the Proapoptotic Kinase, ASK1 Cancer Res., March 15, 2007; 67(6): 2766 - 2772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H.-M. Shen and S. Pervaiz TNF receptor superfamily-induced cell death: redox-dependent execution FASEB J, August 1, 2006; 20(10): 1589 - 1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. J. D. McLaughlin, A. Banerjee, M. R. Kelher, F. Gamboni-Robertson, C. Hamiel, F. R. Sheppard, E. E. Moore, and C. C. Silliman Platelet-Activating Factor-Induced Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis Requires beta-Arrestin-1 Recruitment and Activation of the p38 MAPK Signalosome at the Plasma Membrane for Actin Bundle Formation. J. Immunol., June 1, 2006; 176(11): 7039 - 7050. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Zhou, M. Zheng, J. Chen, C. Xie, A. R. Kolatkar, T. Zarubin, Z. Ye, R. Akella, S. Lin, E. J. Goldsmith, et al. Determinants That Control the Specific Interactions between TAB1 and p38{alpha} Mol. Cell. Biol., May 15, 2006; 26(10): 3824 - 3834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Imoto, D. Kukidome, T. Nishikawa, T. Matsuhisa, K. Sonoda, K. Fujisawa, M. Yano, H. Motoshima, T. Taguchi, K. Tsuruzoe, et al. Impact of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 on insulin signaling. Diabetes, May 1, 2006; 55(5): 1197 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Tatone, M. C. Carbone, R. Gallo, S. Delle Monache, M. Di Cola, E. Alesse, and F. Amicarelli Age-Associated Changes in Mouse Oocytes During Postovulatory In Vitro Culture: Possible Role for Meiotic Kinases and Survival Factor BCL2 Biol Reprod, February 1, 2006; 74(2): 395 - 402. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Noguchi, K. Takeda, A. Matsuzawa, K. Saegusa, H. Nakano, J. Gohda, J.-i. Inoue, and H. Ichijo Recruitment of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor Family Proteins to Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 Signalosome Is Essential for Oxidative Stress-induced Cell Death J. Biol. Chem., November 4, 2005; 280(44): 37033 - 37040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Ray Protection of Epithelial Cells by Keratincoyte Growth Factor Signaling Proceedings of the ATS, October 1, 2005; 2(3): 221 - 225. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I.-S. Song, S. Tatebe, W. Dai, and M. T. Kuo Delayed Mechanism for Induction of {gamma}-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase Heavy Subunit mRNA Stability by Oxidative Stress Involving p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Signaling J. Biol. Chem., August 5, 2005; 280(31): 28230 - 28240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Posen, V. Kalchenko, R. Seger, A. Brandis, A. Scherz, and Y. Salomon Manipulation of redox signaling in mammalian cells enabled by controlled photogeneration of reactive oxygen species J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2005; 118(9): 1957 - 1969. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Li, R. Zhang, D. Luo, S.-J. Park, Q. Wang, Y. Kim, and W. Min Tumor Necrosis Factor {alpha}-induced Desumoylation and Cytoplasmic Translocation of Homeodomain-interacting Protein Kinase 1 Are Critical for Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1-JNK/p38 Activation J. Biol. Chem., April 15, 2005; 280(15): 15061 - 15070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. J. Barnes Mediators of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2004; 56(4): 515 - 548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Zhou, T. Golden, I. V. Aragon, and R. E. Honkanen Ser/Thr Protein Phosphatase 5 Inactivates Hypoxia-induced Activation of an Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1/MKK-4/JNK Signaling Cascade J. Biol. Chem., November 5, 2004; 279(45): 46595 - 46605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Zhang, R. Zhang, Y. Luo, A. D'Alessio, J. S. Pober, and W. Min AIP1/DAB2IP, a Novel Member of the Ras-GAP Family, Transduces TRAF2-induced ASK1-JNK Activation J. Biol. Chem., October 22, 2004; 279(43): 44955 - 44965. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Stocker and J. F. Keaney Jr. Role of Oxidative Modifications in Atherosclerosis Physiol Rev, October 1, 2004; 84(4): 1381 - 1478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Matsukawa, A. Matsuzawa, K. Takeda, and H. Ichijo The ASK1-MAP Kinase Cascades in Mammalian Stress Response J. Biochem., September 1, 2004; 136(3): 261 - 265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Huang, L. Shu, J. Easton, F. C. Harwood, G. S. Germain, H. Ichijo, and P. J. Houghton Inhibition of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Activates Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 Signaling by Suppressing Protein Phosphatase 5 Activity J. Biol. Chem., August 27, 2004; 279(35): 36490 - 36496. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. J. Forman, J. M. Fukuto, and M. Torres Redox signaling: thiol chemistry defines which reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can act as second messengers Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): C246 - C256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Cho, H.-M. Ko, J.-M. Kim, J.-A Lee, J.-E. Park, M.-S. Jang, S. G. Park, D. H. Lee, S.-E. Ryu, and B.-C. Park Positive Regulation of Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 by hD53L1 J. Biol. Chem., April 16, 2004; 279(16): 16050 - 16056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. H. Goldman, L. Chen, and H. Fu Activation of Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 by Reactive Oxygen Species through Dephosphorylation at Serine 967 and 14-3-3 Dissociation J. Biol. Chem., March 12, 2004; 279(11): 10442 - 10449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Jeong, H. W. Yoon, S.-R. Lee, and S. G. Rhee Identification and Characterization of TRP14, a Thioredoxin-related Protein of 14 kDa: NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE SPECIFICITY OF THIOREDOXIN FUNCTION J. Biol. Chem., January 30, 2004; 279(5): 3142 - 3150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. W. Kang, T.-S. Chang, T.-H. Lee, E. S. Kim, D.-Y. Yu, and S. G. Rhee Cytosolic Peroxiredoxin Attenuates The Activation Of Jnk And P38 But Potentiates That Of Erk In Hela Cells Stimulated With Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} J. Biol. Chem., January 23, 2004; 279(4): 2535 - 2543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Mabuchi, M. Ohmichi, A. Kimura, Y. Nishio, E. Arimoto-Ishida, N. Yada-Hashimoto, K. Tasaka, and Y. Murata Estrogen Inhibits Paclitaxel-Induced Apoptosis via the Phosphorylation of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 in Human Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Endocrinology, January 1, 2004; 145(1): 49 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. McElhinney, M. E. Poynter, P. Shrivastava, S. L. Hazen, and Y. M. W. Janssen-Heininger Eosinophil peroxidase catalyzes JNK-mediated membrane blebbing in a Rho kinase-dependent manner J. Leukoc. Biol., November 1, 2003; 74(5): 897 - 907. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S.-G. Cho, J. W. Kim, Y. H. Lee, H. S. Hwang, M.-S. Kim, K. Ryoo, M. J. Kim, K. T. Noh, E. K. Kim, J.-H. Cho, et al. Identification of a novel antiapoptotic protein that antagonizes ASK1 and CAD activities J. Cell Biol., October 13, 2003; 163(1): 71 - 81. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-C. Lee, Y.-C. Tang, Y.-H. Chen, C.-M. Wong, and A.-P. Tsou Selenite-induced Survival of HuH7 Hepatoma Cells Involves Activation of Focal Adhesion Kinase-Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt Pathway and Rac1 J. Biol. Chem., October 10, 2003; 278(41): 39615 - 39624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P.J. Barnes, S.D. Shapiro, and R.A. Pauwels Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular and cellularmechanisms Eur. Respir. J., October 1, 2003; 22(4): 672 - 688. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-K. Cha, S.-K. Hong, Y.-M. Oh, and I.-H. Kim The Protein Interaction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cytoplasmic Thiol Peroxidase II with SFH2p and Its in Vivo Function J. Biol. Chem., September 12, 2003; 278(37): 34952 - 34958. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 X. He, Y. Liu, V. Sharma, R. T. Dirksen, R. Waugh, S.-S. Sheu, and W. Min ASK1 Associates with Troponin T and Induces Troponin T Phosphorylation and Contractile Dysfunction in Cardiomyocytes Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2003; 163(1): 243 - 251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z.-q. Yuan, R. I. Feldman, G. E. Sussman, D. Coppola, S. V. Nicosia, and J. Q. Cheng AKT2 Inhibition of Cisplatin-induced JNK/p38 and Bax Activation by Phosphorylation of ASK1: IMPLICATION OF AKT2 IN CHEMORESISTANCE J. Biol. Chem., June 20, 2003; 278(26): 23432 - 23440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-C. Chen, M.-J. Hwang, Y.-C. Chou, W.-H. Chen, G. Cheng, H. Nakano, T.-Y. Luh, S.-C. Mai, and S.-L. Hsieh The Role of Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 in Lymphotoxin-beta Receptor-mediated Cell Death J. Biol. Chem., April 25, 2003; 278(18): 16073 - 16081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Galvan, A. Logvinova, S. Sperandio, H. Ichijo, and D. E. Bredesen Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor (IGF-IR) Signaling Inhibits Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2003; 278(15): 13325 - 13332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Lu, Z.-Z. Pan, Y. Devaux, and P. Ray p21-activated Protein Kinase 4 (PAK4) Interacts with the Keratinocyte Growth Factor Receptor and Participates in Keratinocyte Growth Factor-mediated Inhibition of Oxidant-induced Cell Death J. Biol. Chem., March 14, 2003; 278(12): 10374 - 10380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Cabrero, M. Merlos, J. C. Laguna, and M. V. Carrera Down-regulation of acyl-CoA oxidase gene expression and increased NF-{kappa}B activity in etomoxir-induced cardiac hypertrophy J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2003; 44(2): 388 - 398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Ge, X. Xiong, Q. Jing, J. L. Mosley, A. Filose, D. Bian, S. Huang, and J. Han TAB1beta (Transforming Growth Factor-beta -activated Protein Kinase 1-binding Protein 1beta ), a Novel Splicing Variant of TAB1 That Interacts with p38alpha but Not TAK1 J. Biol. Chem., January 17, 2003; 278(4): 2286 - 2293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. J. Forman and M. Torres Reactive Oxygen Species and Cell Signaling: Respiratory Burst in Macrophage Signaling Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., December 15, 2002; 166(12): S4 - 8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Gilot, P. Loyer, A. Corlu, D. Glaise, D. Lagadic-Gossmann, A. Atfi, F. Morel, H. Ichijo, and C. Guguen-Guillouzo Liver Protection from Apoptosis Requires Both Blockage of Initiator Caspase Activities and Inhibition of ASK1/JNK Pathway via Glutathione S-Transferase Regulation J. Biol. Chem., December 13, 2002; 277(51): 49220 - 49229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H.-S. Park, S.-G. Cho, C. K. Kim, H. S. Hwang, K. T. Noh, M.-S. Kim, S.-H. Huh, M. J. Kim, K. Ryoo, E. K. Kim, et al. Heat Shock Protein Hsp72 Is a Negative Regulator of Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Mol. Cell. Biol., November 15, 2002; 22(22): 7721 - 7730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Dorion, H. Lambert, and J. Landry Activation of the p38 Signaling Pathway by Heat Shock Involves the Dissociation of Glutathione S-Transferase Mu from Ask1 J. Biol. Chem., August 16, 2002; 277(34): 30792 - 30797. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Liu and W. Min Thioredoxin Promotes ASK1 Ubiquitination and Degradation to Inhibit ASK1-Mediated Apoptosis in a Redox Activity-Independent Manner Circ. Res., June 28, 2002; 90(12): 1259 - 1266. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Zama, R. Aoki, T. Kamimoto, K. Inoue, Y. Ikeda, and M. Hagiwara Scaffold Role of a Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase, SKRP1, for the JNK Signaling Pathway J. Biol. Chem., June 21, 2002; 277(26): 23919 - 23926. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. N. Chadee, T. Yuasa, and J. M. Kyriakis Direct Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase MEKK1 by the Ste20p Homologue GCK and the Adapter Protein TRAF2 Mol. Cell. Biol., February 1, 2002; 22(3): 737 - 749. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Droge Free Radicals in the Physiological Control of Cell Function Physiol Rev, January 1, 2002; 82(1): 47 - 95. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. C. BERK, J.-I. ABE, W. MIN, J. SURAPISITCHAT, and C. YAN Endothelial Atheroprotective and Anti-inflammatory Mechanisms Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., December 1, 2001; 947(1): 93 - 111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Zou, T. Tsutsui, D. Ray, J. F. Blomquist, H. Ichijo, D. S. Ucker, and H. Kiyokawa The Cell Cycle-Regulatory CDC25A Phosphatase Inhibits Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Mol. Cell. Biol., July 15, 2001; 21(14): 4818 - 4828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Chen, K. Fujii, L. Zhang, T. Roberts, and H. Fu Raf-1 promotes cell survival by antagonizing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 through a MEK-ERK independent mechanism PNAS, June 20, 2001; (2001) 141224398. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Tournier, C. Dong, T. K. Turner, S. N. Jones, R. A. Flavell, and R. J. Davis MKK7 is an essential component of the JNK signal transduction pathway activated by proinflammatory cytokines Genes & Dev., June 1, 2001; 15(11): 1419 - 1426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. G. Deschesnes, J. Huot, K. Valerie, and J. Landry Involvement of p38 in Apoptosis-associated Membrane Blebbing and Nuclear Condensation Mol. Biol. Cell, June 1, 2001; 12(6): 1569 - 1582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Kyriakis and J. Avruch Mammalian Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signal Transduction Pathways Activated by Stress and Inflammation Physiol Rev, April 1, 2001; 81(2): 807 - 869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Kim, G. Khursigara, X. Sun, T. F. Franke, and M. V. Chao Akt Phosphorylates and Negatively Regulates Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Mol. Cell. Biol., February 1, 2001; 21(3): 893 - 901. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 V. J. Thannickal and B. L. Fanburg Reactive oxygen species in cell signaling Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, December 1, 2000; 279(6): L1005 - L1028. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Maeno, Y. Ishizaki, T. Kanaseki, A. Hazama, and Y. Okada Normotonic cell shrinkage because of disordered volume regulation is an early prerequisite to apoptosis PNAS, July 12, 2000; (2000) 140216197. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Moreno-Manzano, Y. Ishikawa, J. Lucio-Cazana, and M. Kitamura Selective Involvement of Superoxide Anion, but Not Downstream Compounds Hydrogen Peroxide and Peroxynitrite, in Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -induced Apoptosis of Rat Mesangial Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 21, 2000; 275(17): 12684 - 12691. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
