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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 28, 17618-17625, July 10, 1998

Isolation and Characterization of PAGE-1 and GAGE-7
NEW GENES EXPRESSED IN THE LNCaP PROSTATE CANCER PROGRESSION MODEL THAT SHARE HOMOLOGY WITH MELANOMA-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS

Michael E. Chen, Sue-Hwa Lin, Leland W. K. Chung^§, and Robert A. Sikes^§

From the  University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030 and ^§ University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908

The LNCaP progression model of human prostate cancer consists of lineage-related sublines that differ in their androgen sensitivity and metastatic potential. A differential display polymerase chain reaction was employed to evaluate mRNA expression differences between the LNCaP sublines in order to define the differences in gene expression between the androgen-sensitive, nontumorigenic LNCaP cell line and the androgen-insensitive, metastatic LNCaP sublines, C4-2 and C4-2B. An amplicon, BG16.21, was isolated that showed increased expression in the androgen-independent and metastatic LNCaP sublines, C4-2 and C4-2B. Hybridization screening of a gt11 expression library with BG16.21 revealed two transcripts, both homologous to BG16.21 at the 3' end. A GenBank^TM data base search using the GCG Wisconsin software package revealed the shorter ~600-bp transcript (designated GAGE-7) to be a new member of the GAGE family. The second ~700-bp transcript was a novel gene (designated PAGE-1, "prostate associated gene") with only 45% homology to GAGE gene family members. RNA blot analysis demonstrated that GAGE-7 mRNA was expressed at equal levels in all lineage related prostate cancer cell sublines, while PAGE-1 mRNA levels were elevated 5-fold in C4-2 and C4-2B as compared with LNCaP cells. Neither GAGE-7 nor PAGE-1 demonstrated any regulation by androgens in the prostate cancer cell lines used in this study. PAGE-1 and GAGE-7 expression was found to be restricted to testes (high) and placenta (low) on human multiple tissue Northern blots. As GAGE/MAGE antigens were reported previously to be targets for tumor-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes in melanoma, these results suggest that PAGE-1 and GAGE-7 may be related to prostate cancer progression and may serve as potential targets for novel therapies.

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