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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 29, 18300-18307, July 17, 1998

An Initiation Zone of Chromosomal DNA Replication at the Chicken Lysozyme Gene Locus

Loc Phi-van, Claudia Sellke, Alexandra von Bodenhausen, and Wolf H. Strätling^¶

From the  Institut für Tierzucht und Tierverhalten, Bundesforschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft, Dörnbergstrasse 25-27, 29223 Celle, Germany and ^¶ Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany

The chicken lysozyme gene domain is distinguished by a broad knowledge of how its expression is regulated. Here, we examined the in vivo replication of the lysozyme gene locus using polymerase chain reaction amplification and competitive polymerase chain reaction of size-fractionated, nascent DNA strands. We found that DNA replication initiates at multiple sites within a broad initiation zone spanning at least 20 kilobases, which includes most of the lysozyme gene domain. The 5' border of this zone is probably located downstream of the lysozyme 5' nuclear matrix attachment region. Preferred initiation occurs in a 3'-located subzone. The initiation zone at the lysozyme gene locus is also active in nonexpressing liver DU249 cells. Furthermore, examining the timing of DNA replication at the lysozyme gene locus revealed that the gene locus replicates early during S phase in both HD11 and DU249 cells, irrespective of its transcriptional activity.

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