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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 29, 18308-18315, July 17, 1998

Promotion and Inhibition of L-type Ca2+ Channel Facilitation by Distinct Domains of the beta  Subunit

Thierry Cens, Sophie Restituito, Alice Vallentin, and Pierre Charnet

From the Centre de Recherche de Biochimie Macromoléculaire, CNRS Unité Propre de Recherche 1086, 1919 Route de Mende, BP 5051, F34033 Montpellier, France

Ca2+ current potentiation by conditioning depolarization is a general mechanism by which excitable cells can control the level of Ca2+ entry during repetitive depolarizations. Several types of Ca2+ channels are sensitive to conditioning depolarization, however, using clearly distinguishable mechanisms. In the case of L-type Ca2+ channels, prepulse-induced current facilitation can only be recorded when the pore-forming alpha 1C subunit is coexpressed with the auxiliary beta 1, beta 3, or beta 4, but not beta 2, subunit. These four beta  subunits are composed of two conserved domains surrounded by central, N-terminal, and C-terminal variable regions. Using different deleted and chimeric forms of the beta 1 and beta 2 subunits, we have mapped essential sequences for L-type Ca2+ channel facilitation. A first sequence, located in the second conserved domain of all beta  subunits, is responsible for the promotion of current facilitation by the beta  subunit. A second sequence of 16 amino acids, located on the N-terminal tail of the beta 2 subunit, induces a transferable block of L-type current facilitation. Site-specific mutations reveal the essential inhibitory role played by three positive charges on this segment. The lack of prepulse-induced current facilitation recorded with some truncated forms of the beta 2 subunit suggests the existence of an additional inhibitory sequence in the beta 2 subunit.

Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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