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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 29, 18394-18404, July 17, 1998

Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors in the Locust Locusta migratoria
CLONING AND EXPRESSION

Bernhard Hermsen, Eva Stetzer, Rüdiger Thees, Reinhard Heiermann, Andre Schrattenholz, Ulrich Ebbinghaus^§, Axel Kretschmer^§, Christoph Methfessel^§, Sigrid Reinhardt, and Alfred Maelicke

From the  Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 6 Duesbergweg, Johannes-Gutenberg University Medical School, 55099 Mainz and ^§ BAYER AG, Central Research Unit, 5090 Leverkusen, Germany

We have identified five cDNA clones that encode nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits expressed in the nervous system of the locust Locusta migratoria. Four of the subunits are ligand-binding  subunits, and the other is a structural subunit. The existence of at least one more nAChR gene, probably encoding a  subunit, is indicated.

Based on Northern analysis and in situ hybridization, the five subunit genes are expressed. loc1, loc3, and loc1 are the most abundant subunits and are expressed in similar areas of the head ganglia and retina of the adult locust. Because Loc3 binds -bungarotoxin with high affinity, it may form a homomeric nAChR subtype such as the mammalian 7 nAChR. Loc1 and Loc1 may then form the predominant heteromeric nAChR in the locust brain. loc4 is mainly expressed in optic lobe ganglionic cells and loc2 in peripherally located somata of mushroom body neurons. loc3 mRNA was additionally detected in cells interspersed in the somatogastric epithelium of the locust embryo, suggesting that this isoform may also be involved in functions other than neuronal excitability. Transcription of all nAChR subunit genes begins approximately 3 days before hatching and continues throughout adult life.

Electrophysiological recordings from head ganglionic neurons also indicate the existence of more than one functionally distinct nAChR subtype. Our results suggest the existence of several nAChR subtypes, at least some of them heteromeric, in this insect species.

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