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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 29, 18528-18537, July 17, 1998
From the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI
3-K) is implicated in cellular events including glucose transport,
glycogen synthesis, and protein synthesis. It is activated in
insulin-stimulated cells by binding of the Src homology 2 (SH2) domains
in its 85-kDa regulatory subunit to insulin receptor substrate-1
(IRS-1), and, others. We have previously shown that IRS-1-associated PI
3-kinase activity is not essential for insulin-stimulated glucose
transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and that alternate pathways exist in
these cells. We now show that adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the
p85N-SH2 domain in these cells behaves in a dominant-negative manner,
interfering with complex formation between endogenous PI 3-K and its
SH2 binding targets. This not only inhibited insulin-stimulated
IRS-1-associated PI 3-kinase activity, but also completely blocked
anti-phosphotyrosine-associated PI 3-kinase activity, which would
include the non-IRS-1-associated activity. This resulted in inhibition
of insulin-stimulated glucose transport, glycogen synthase activity and
DNA synthesis. Further, Ser/Thr phosphorylation of downstream molecules
Akt and p70 S6 kinase was inhibited. However, co-expression of a
membrane-targeted p110C with the p85N-SH2
protein rescued glucose transport, supporting our argument that the
p85N-SH2 protein specifically blocks insulin-mediated PI 3-kinase
activity, and, that the signaling pathways downstream of PI 3-kinase
are intact. Unexpectedly, GTP-bound Ras was elevated in the basal
state. Since p85 is known to interact with GTPase-activating protein in
3T3-L1 adipocytes, the overexpressed p85N-SH2 peptide could titrate out
cellular GTPase-activating protein by direct association, such that it
is unavailable to hydrolyze GTP-bound Ras. However, insulin-induced
mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation was inhibited. Thus,
PI 3-kinase may be required for this action at a step independent of
and downstream of Ras. We conclude that, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,
non-IRS-1-associated PI 3-kinase activity is crucial for insulin's
metabolic signaling, and that overexpressed p85N-SH2 protein inhibits a
variety of insulin's ultimate biological effects.
Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activity by
Adenovirus-mediated Gene Transfer and Its Effect on Insulin
Action
,
,
,
,
¶
Department of Medicine,
Whittier Diabetes Institute,
and the § Department of Medicine, University of California,
San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, the ¶ Veterans
Administration Research Service, San Diego, California 92161
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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