HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Thurmond, D. C. Articles by Goodridge, A. G. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Thurmond, D. C. Articles by Goodridge, A. G. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Vol. 273, Issue 3, 1613-1622, January 16, 1998

Characterization of Thyroid Hormone Response Elements in the Gene for Chicken Malic Enzyme
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE TRIIODOTHYRONINE RESPONSIVENESS

From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242

Transcription of the gene for malic enzyme in chick embryo hepatocytes is stimulated about 30-fold by triiodothyronine (T3). T3 responsiveness is mediated by seven direct repeat hexamers that resemble T3 response elements (T3REs); these elements are located far upstream in the 5-flanking DNA (Hodnett, D. W., Fantozzzi, D. A., Thurmond, D. C., Klautky, S. A., MacPhee, K. G., Estrem, S. T., Xu, G., and Goodridge, A. G. (1996) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 334, 309-324). In transiently transfected hepatocytes, single copies of six of these elements conferred varying degrees of T3 responsiveness to linked reporter genes. In gel electrophoretic mobility shift analyses, the T3REs bound retinoid X receptor (RXR)-T3 receptor (TR) heterodimers and non-RXR/TR factors present in nuclear extracts prepared from hepatocytes. Binding of the non-RXR/TR factors was specific to individual T3REs and was unaffected by antibodies to TR or RXR. Mutagenesis of binding sites for proteins specific for T3REs 2-5 altered binding of the proteins and T3 responsiveness. These factors appear to bind to and alter function of T3REs without binding directly to TR, differentiating their actions from other TR cofactors; they were tentatively characterized as co-repressors, inhibitors, and activators of T3RE function. Together with RXR and TR, they modulate T3 responsiveness of the gene for chicken malic enzyme.

CiteULike

Complore

Connotea

Del.icio.us

Digg

Reddit

Technorati

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. C. Thurmond, R. A. Baillie, and A. G. Goodridge Regulation of the Action of Steroid/Thyroid Hormone Receptors by Medium-chain Fatty Acids J. Biol. Chem., June 19, 1998; 273(25): 15373 - 15381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Zhang, L. Yin, and F. B. Hillgartner Thyroid Hormone Stimulates Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase-alpha Transcription in Hepatocytes by Modulating the Composition of Nuclear Receptor Complexes Bound to a Thyroid Hormone Response Element J. Biol. Chem., January 5, 2001; 276(2): 974 - 983. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Wang, L. Yin, and F. B. Hillgartner The Homeodomain Proteins PBX and MEIS1 Are Accessory Factors That Enhance Thyroid Hormone Regulation of the Malic Enzyme Gene in Hepatocytes J. Biol. Chem., June 22, 2001; 276(26): 23838 - 23848. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]