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Vol. 273, Issue 3, 1769-1775, January 16, 1998
From the Isothiocyanates have strong chemopreventive
properties against many carcinogen-induced cancers in experimental
animal models. Here, we report that phenylmethyl isocyacyanate
(PMITC) and phenylethyl isothio- cyanate (PEITC) induced sustained
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation in a
dose-dependent manner. The sustained JNK activation caused
by isothiocyanates was associated with apoptosis induction in various
cell types. An inhibitor of the caspase/interleukin-1
Molecular Mechanisms of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-mediated
Apoptosis Induced by Anticarcinogenic Isothiocyanates
,
,
Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030 and the
¶ Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, College of
Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612
-converting enzyme blocked isothiocyanate-induced apoptosis without inhibiting the
JNK activation, which suggests that JNK activation by isothiocyanates is an event that is independent or upstream of the activation of
caspase/interleukin-1
-converting enzyme proteases. PEITC-induced apoptosis was suppressed by interfering with the JNK pathway with a
dominant-negative mutant of JNK1 or MEKK1 (JNK1(APF) and MEKK1(KR), respectively), implying that the JNK pathway is required for apoptotic signaling. Isothiocyanate-induced JNK activation was blocked by the
antioxidants 2-mercaptoethanol and
N-acetyl-L-cysteine, suggesting that the death
signaling was triggered by oxidative stress. Overexpression of Bcl-2
suppressed PEITC-induced JNK activation. In addition, Bcl-2 and
Bcl-xL suppressed PEITC-induced apoptosis, but failed to
protect cells from death induced by overexpression of activated JNK1.
These results suggest that Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL are upstream of
JNK. Taken together, our results indicate (i) that JNK mediates PMITC-
and PEITC-induced apoptosis and (ii) that PMITC and PEITC may have
chemotherapeutic functions besides their chemopreventive functions.
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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