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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 31, 19371-19374, July 31, 1998

COMMUNICATION
The Largest Subunits of RNA Polymerase from Gastric Helicobacters Are Tethered

Natalya Zakharova, Paul S. Hoffman^§, Douglas E. Berg^¶, and Konstantin Severinov

From the  Waksman Institute, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, the ^§ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4H7, Canada, the ^¶ Departments of Molecular Microbiology and of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, and the  Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854

The rpoB and rpoC genes of eubacteria and archaea, coding respectively for the - and '-like subunits of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, are organized in an operon with rpoB always preceding rpoC. The genome sequence of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori (strain 26695) revealed homologs of two genes in one continuous open reading frame that potentially could encode one 2890-amino acid-long -' fusion protein. Here, we show that this open reading frame does in fact encode a fused -' polypeptide. In addition, we establish by DNA sequencing that rpoB and rpoC are also fused in each of four other unrelated strains of H. pylori, as well as in Helicobacter felis, another member of the same genus. In contrast, the rpoB and rpoC genes are separate in two members of the related genus Campylobacter (Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter fetus) and encode separate RNA polymerase subunits. The Campylobacter genes are also unusual in overlapping one another rather than being separated by a spacer as in other Gram-negative bacteria. We propose that the unique organization of rpoB and rpoC in H. pylori may contribute to its ability to colonize the human gastric mucosa.

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