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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 35, 22825-22832, August 28, 1998

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as Adhesive and Anti-invasive Molecules
SYNDECANS AND GLYPICAN HAVE DISTINCT FUNCTIONS

Wei LiuDagger , E. David Litwack§, Michelle J. StanleyDagger , J. Kevin LangfordDagger , Arthur D. Lander, and Ralph D. SandersonDagger parallel

From the Dagger  Department of Pathology and parallel  Department of Anatomy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, the § Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, and the  Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697

ARH-77 cells do not adhere to type I collagen and readily invade into collagen gels, but following expression of the transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1, they bind collagen and fail to invade. We now show that cells transfected with syndecan-2 or syndecan-4 also bind collagen and are non-invasive. In contrast, cells transfected with the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteoglycan glypican-1 do not bind to collagen and remain invasive, even though glypican- and syndecan-expressing cells have similar surface levels of heparan sulfate, and their proteoglycans have similar affinities for collagen. Analysis of cells expressing syndecan-1-glypican-1 chimeric proteoglycans reveals that inhibition of invasion requires the extracellular domain of syndecan but not its transmembrane or cytoplasmic domain. Surprisingly, cells bearing a chimera composed of the glypican extracellular domain fused to the syndecan transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains bind to collagen but remain invasive, implying that adhesion to collagen is not by itself sufficient to inhibit invasion. Apparently, the extracellular domain of syndecan-1, presumably by interacting with cell-surface signal transducing molecules, directly regulates complex cell behaviors such as motility and invasiveness. These results also show for the first time that syndecans and glypicans can have distinct functions, even when expressed by the same cell type.


Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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