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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 41, 26506-26515, October 9, 1998
From Research Technologies and Proteins and ¶ Cancer Research,
Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company,
Indianapolis, Indiana 46285
The cyclin D1·CDK4-pRb (retinoblastoma protein)
pathway plays a central role in the cell cycle, and its deregulation is
correlated with many types of cancers. As a major drug target, we
purified dimeric cyclin D1·CDK4 complex to near-homogeneity by a
four-step procedure from a recombinant baculovirus-infected insect
culture. We optimized the kinase activity and stability and developed a reproducible assay. We examined several catalytic and kinetic properties of the complex and, via steady-state kinetics, derived a
kinetic mechanism with a peptide (RbING) and
subsequently investigated the mechanistic implications with a
physiologically relevant protein (Rb21) as the
phosphoacceptor. The complex bound ATP 130-fold tighter when
Rb21 instead of RbING was used as the
phosphoacceptor. By using staurosporine and ADP as inhibitors, the
kinetic mechanism of the complex appeared to be a "single
displacement or Bi-Bi" with Mg2+·ATP as the leading
substrate and phosphorylated RbING as the last product
released. In addition, we purified a cyclin D1-CDK4 fusion protein to
homogeneity by a three-step protocol from another recombinant
baculovirus culture and observed similar kinetic properties and
mechanisms as those from the complex. We attempted to model
staurosporine in the ATP-binding site of CDK4 according to our kinetic
data. Our biochemical and modeling data provide validation of both the
complex and fusion protein as highly active kinases and their
usefulness in antiproliferative inhibitor discovery.
Purification, Characterization, and Kinetic Mechanism of Cyclin
D1·CDK4, a Major Target for Cell Cycle Regulation
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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