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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 44, 28721-28732, October 30, 1998
3
2 but Not
3
4 Acetylcholine Receptors Stably Transfected in Human Embryonic
Kidney Cells
,
,
,
,
,
From the Human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR)
subtypes
Department of Neuroscience, University of
Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6074 and ¶ Department of Physiology and Optics, University of Alabama,
Birmingham, Alabama 35294-4390
3
2,
3
2
5,
3
4, and
3
4
5 were stably
expressed in cells derived from the human embryonic kidney cell line
293.
3
4 AChRs were found in prominent 2-µm patches on the cell
surface, whereas most
3
2 AChRs were more diffusely distributed.
The functional properties of the
3 AChRs in tsA201 cells were
characterized by whole cell patch clamp using both acetylcholine and
nicotine as agonists. Nicotine was a partial agonist on
3
4 AChRs
and nearly a full agonist on
3
2
5 AChRs. Chronic exposure of
cells expressing
3
2 AChRs or
3
2
5 AChRs to nicotine or
carbamylcholine increased their amount up to 24-fold but had no effect
on the amount of
3
4 or
3
4
5 AChRs, i.e. the
up-regulation of
3 AChRs depended on the presence of
2 but not
4 subunits in the AChRs. This was also found to be true of
3
AChRs in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. In the absence of nicotine,
3
2 AChRs were expressed at much lower levels than
3
4 AChRs,
but in the presence of nicotine, the amount of
3
2 AChRs exceeded
that of
3
4 AChRs. Up-regulation was seen for both total AChRs and
surface AChRs. Up-regulated
3
2 AChRs were functional. The
nicotinic antagonists curare and dihydro-
-erythroidine also
up-regulated
3
2 AChRs, but only by 3-5-fold. The channel blocker
mecamylamine did not cause up-regulation of
3
2 AChRs and
inhibited up-regulation by nicotine. Our data suggest that
up-regulation of
3
2 AChRs in these lines by nicotine results from
both increased subunit assembly and decreased AChR turnover.
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