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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 46, 30352-30359, November 13, 1998
Dynamics of the Interaction of Human Apurinic Endonuclease (Ape1)
with Its Substrate and Product
Yuji
Masuda,
Richard A. O.
Bennett, and
Bruce
Demple
From the Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Harvard School of
Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
We investigated the interaction dynamics of human
abasic endonuclease, the Ape1 protein (also called Ref1, Hap1, or
Apex), with its DNA substrate and incised product using electrophoretic assays and site-specific amino acid substitutions. Changing aspartate 283 to alanine (D283A) left 10% residual activity, contrary to a
previous report, but complementation of repair-deficient bacteria by
the D283A Ape1 protein was consistent with its activity in vitro. The D308A, D283/D308A double mutant, and histidine 309 to
asparagine proteins had 22, 1, and ~0.02% of wild-type Ape1 activity, respectively. Despite this range of enzymatic activities, all
the mutant proteins had near-wild-type binding affinity specific for
DNA containing a synthetic abasic site. Thus, substrate recognition and
cleavage are genetically separable steps. Both the wild-type and mutant
Ape1 proteins bound strongly to the enzyme incision product, an incised
abasic site, which suggested that Ape1 might exhibit product
inhibition. The use of human DNA polymerase to increase Ape1
activity by eliminating the incision product supports this conclusion.
Notably, the complexes of the D283A, D308A, and D283A/D308A double
mutant proteins with both intact and incised abasic DNA were
significantly more stable than complexes containing wild-type Ape1,
which may contribute to the lower turnover numbers of the mutant
enzymes. Wild-type Ape1 protein bound tightly to DNA containing a
one-nucleotide gap but not to DNA with a nick, consistent with the
proposal that substrate recognition by Ape1 involves a space bracketed
by duplex DNA, rather than mere flexibility of the DNA.
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 1998 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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