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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 47, 31180-31185, November 20, 1998
From the Department of Cell Biology and Kaplan Cancer Center, New
York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016
Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) is a
prohormone-processing enzyme and peripheral membrane protein of
endocrine/neuroendocrine secretory granules. CPE has been shown to bind
to an amino-terminal peptide of pro-opiomelanocortin (N-POMC) at pH 5.5 and hypothesized to be critically involved in the targeting of hormones
such as POMC to the regulated secretory pathway [Cool, D. R.,
Normant, E., Shen, F., Chen, H. C., Pannell, L., Zhang, Y., and
Loh, Y. P. (1997) Cell 88, 73-83]. To further
explore the possibility that CPE serves to mediate the association of
content proteins with the membrane during granule biogenesis, the
binding of CPE to granule content proteins was investigated using an
in vitro aggregation assay in which the selective
precipitation of granule content proteins is induced by titration of
the pH to <6.0. CPE was observed to co-aggregate efficiently with
pituitary and chromaffin granule content proteins at concentrations
well below those that promote its self-aggregation. In addition, CPE
co-precipitated at pH 5.8 with purified prolactin and with insulin,
which homophillically self-aggregate yet are structurally distinct from
N-POMC. N-POMC when added to the assays did not inhibit the aggregation
of CPE with prolactin or insulin, indicating that these interactions do
not involve a binding site for N-POMC. The data show that CPE interacts
at acidic pH with a variety of different content proteins, resembling
in this regard other granule membrane proteins. The results support the
idea that co-aggregation of abundant membrane proteins with content
proteins is an important general mechanism for the sorting and
retention of secretory granule proteins during granule maturation.
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