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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 51, 33905-33908, December 18, 1998

COMMUNICATION
The Changes in Adenine Nucleotides Measured in Glucose-stimulated Rodent Islets Occur in  Cells but Not in  Cells and Are Also Observed in Human Islets

Philippe Detimary, Sandra Dejonghe^§, Zhidong Ling^§, Daniel Pipeleers^§, Frans Schuit^§, and Jean-Claude Henquin

From the  Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Université Catholique de Louvain, B 1200 Brussels and the ^§ Diabetes Research Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, B 1090 Brussels, Belgium

Glucose metabolism by pancreatic  and  cells is essential for stimulation of insulin secretion and inhibition of glucagon secretion. Studies using rodent islets have suggested that the ATP/ADP ratio serves as second messenger in  cells. This study compared the effects of glucose on glucose oxidation ([U-¹⁴C]glucose) and adenine nucleotides (luminometric method) in purified rat  and  cells. The rate of glucose oxidation at 1 mM glucose was higher in  than  cells (4.5-fold, i.e. ~2-fold after normalization for cell size). It was more strongly stimulated by 10 mM glucose in  cells (9-fold) than in  cells (5-fold). At 1 mM glucose, ATP levels were similar in both cell types, which corresponds to an approximately 2-fold higher concentration in  cells (~6.5 mM) than in  cells (~3 mM). In  cells, glucose dose-dependently increased ATP and decreased ADP levels, causing a rise in the ATP/ADP ratio from 2.4 to 11.6 at 1 and 10 mM, respectively. In  cells, glucose did not affect ATP and ADP levels, and the ATP/ADP ratio remained stable around 7.5. In human islets, the ATP/ADP ratio progressively increased between 1 and 10 mM glucose. In duct cells, which often contaminate human islet preparations, an increase in the ATP/ADP ratio sometimes occurred between 1 and 3 mM glucose. In conclusion, the present observations establish that the regulation of glucagon secretion by glucose does not involve changes in  cell adenine nucleotides and further support the role of the ATP/ADP ratio in the control of insulin secretion.

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Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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