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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 6, 3551-3561, February 6, 1998

A Promoter Recruitment Mechanism for Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha -induced Interleukin-8 Transcription in Type II Pulmonary Epithelial Cells
DEPENDENCE ON NUCLEAR ABUNDANCE OF Rel A, NF-kappa B1, AND c-Rel TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Allan R. BrasierDagger , Mohammad JamaluddinDagger , Antonella Casola, Weili DuanDagger , Qing ShenDagger , and Roberto P. Garofalo

From the Dagger  Department of Medicine and Sealy Center for Molecular Science and the  Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1060

The alveolar macrophage-derived peptide tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha ) initiates pulmonary inflammation through its ability to stimulate interleukin-8 (IL-8) synthesis in alveolar epithelial cells through an incompletely described transcriptional mechanism. In this study, we use the technique of ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (LMPCR) to record changes in transcription factor occupancy of the IL-8 promoter after TNFalpha stimulation of A549 human alveolar cells. Using dimethylsulfate/LMPCR, no detectable proteins bind the TATA box in unstimulated cells. By contrast, TNFalpha rapidly induces protection of G residues at -79 and -80 coincident with endogenous IL-8 gene transcription. Using DNase I/LMPCR, we observe inducible protection of nucleotides -60 to -99 (the TNF response element) and nucleotides -3 to -32 (containing the TATA box). Surprisingly, extensive TATA box protection is only seen after TNFalpha stimulation. Using a two-step microaffinity isolation/Western immunoblot DNA binding assay, we observe that the NF-kappa B subunits Rel A, NF-kappa B1, and c-Rel inducibly bind the TNF response element; these proteins undergo rapid TNFalpha -inducible increases in nuclear abundance as a consequence of Ikappa Balpha proteolysis. Furthermore, the peptide aldehyde N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal, an agent that blocks both Ikappa Balpha proteolysis and NF-kappa B subunit translocation, abrogates recombinant human TNFalpha -inducible IL-8 gene transcription. These studies demonstrate that IL-8 is activated by a promoter recruitment mechanism in alveolar epithelial cells, where NF-kappa B subunit translocation is required for (and coincident with) binding of the constitutively active TATA box-binding proteins.


Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
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