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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 7, 4027-4034, February 13, 1998

Correlation between Sustained c-Jun N-terminal Protein Kinase Activation and Apoptosis Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha in Rat Mesangial Cells

Yan-Lin Guo, Kemal Baysal, Baobin Kang, Li-Jun Yang, and John R. Williamson

From the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

Rat mesangial cells are normally resistant to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha )-induced apoptosis. In this report we show that the cells can be made susceptible to the apoptotic effect of TNF-alpha when pretreated with actinomycin D, cycloheximide, or vanadate. c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) has been thought to mediate apoptotic processes elicited by some stimuli, but its involvement in TNF-alpha -induced apoptosis has been controversial. JNK activation was investigated under conditions where the mesangial cells were either resistant or susceptible to TNF-alpha -induced apoptosis. TNF-alpha alone stimulated a single transient JNK activity peak. However, when the cells were pretreated with actinomycin D or cycloheximide, TNF-alpha stimulated a second sustained JNK activity peak. When the cells were pretreated with the phosphatase inhibitor vanadate, TNF-alpha -induced JNK activation was greatly prolonged. In all three cases, a sustained JNK activation was associated with the initiation of apoptosis. Our data suggest that a sustained activation of JNK induced by these reagents may be associated with blocking the expression of a phosphatase that inactivates JNK. Further studies reveal that the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) was induced by TNF-alpha , indicating that MKP-1 may be involved in protecting the cells from apoptosis by preventing a prolonged activation of JNK under normal conditions. Additional studies showed that extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase activation stimulated by TNF-alpha was unlikely to contribute to the resistance of mesangial cells to TNF-alpha cytotoxicity.


Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.



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