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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 7, 4171-4179, February 13, 1998
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From the We investigated the expression of butyrophilin in
eukaryotic cells with a view to determining the number of mRNA
species, the incorporation of the peptide chain into microsomes, and
the topology of the processed protein in biological membranes.
Butyrophilin is synthesized from a single sized mRNA in both bovine
and murine lactating mammary tissue and associates with
microsomal membranes with a type I topology
(Nexo·Ccyto) via a single hydrophobic
anchor in the middle of the sequence. Several isoelectric variants of the protein were detected in cellular membranes from lactating bovine
mammary tissue and in the milk-fat-globule membrane. We found no
evidence for soluble forms of butyrophilin in postmicrosomal supernatants. The 66-kDa protein appears to be subjected to limited proteolysis, giving rise to a 62-kDa fragment lacking the C terminus and to other more minor fragments of lower Mr
in the milk-fat-globule membrane. Antipeptide antibodies to epitopes
within the N- and C-terminal domains were used to show that
butyrophilin retains a type I topology in plasma membranes when
expressed in insect cells from a baculovirus vector, and in secreted
milk-fat globules. These data do not agree with previous suggestions
that butyrophilin may exist in cytoplasmic soluble forms, or be
reorganized in the plane of the lipid bilayer during secretion in lipid
droplets from mammary cells. The results are discussed with reference
to the role butyrophilin may play as the principal scaffold for the assembly of a complex with xanthine oxidase and other proteins that
functions in the budding and release of milk-fat globules from the
apical surface during lactation.
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, and
the
Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, University of
Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742
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