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J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 9, 5086-5092, February 27, 1998
Low Environmental pH Is Responsible for the Induction of
Nitric-oxide Synthase in Macrophages
EVIDENCE FOR INVOLVEMENT OF NUCLEAR FACTOR- B
ACTIVATION
Agnès
Bellocq ,
Sidonie
Suberville ,
Carole
Philippe ,
France
Bertrand§,
Joëlle
Perez ,
Bruno
Fouqueray ,
Gisèle
Cherqui§, and
Laurent
Baud
From the INSERM U. 64, Hôpital Tenon,
75020 Paris and § INSERM U. 402, Hôpital
Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
Stimulation of macrophages with endotoxin and/or
cytokines is responsible for the expression of the inducible isoform of
nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Because macrophages are exposed to low pH
within the microenvironment of inflammatory lesions, the potential role
of acidic pH as an additional regulator of iNOS was investigated. Substitution of the culture medium of rat peritoneal macrophages at pH
7.4 with medium at pH 7.0 up-regulated iNOS activity, as reflected by a
2.5-fold increase in nitrite accumulation. The increase in iNOS
activity was associated with a similar increase in iNOS mRNA
expression that reflected an increase in iNOS mRNA synthesis rather
than stability. Low environmental pH-induced iNOS gene transcription
involved the activation of nuclear factor- B (NF- B) transcription
factor since exposure of macrophages to low environmental pH both
increased NF- B binding activity in the nucleus and enhanced
NF- B-driven reporter gene expression. In addition, treatment of
macrophages with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or
n-acetyl-leucinyl-leucinyl-norleucinal, two drugs
preventing NF- B translocation to the nucleus, canceled low
pH-induced nitrite accumulation. The overall mechanism required the
synthesis of tumor necrosis factor (TNF ). Indeed, 1) elevated
TNF bioactivity was observed in the medium of macrophages exposed to
pH 7.0, and 2) incubation of macrophages with a neutralizing
anti-TNF antibody impaired both NF- B activation and nitrite
accumulation in response to acid challenge. In summary, exposure of
macrophages to acidic microenvironment in inflammatory lesions leads to
the up-regulation of iNOS activity through the activation of
NF- B.
Copyright © 1998 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.

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Copyright © 1998 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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