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J Biol Chem, Vol. 274, Issue 1, 236-240, January 1, 1999
From the Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Departments of
Medicine (Cardiology) and Physiology, University of California at Los
Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095
The cause of altered ionic homeostasis leading to
cell death during ischemia and metabolic inhibition is unclear.
Hemichannels, which are precursors to gap junctions, are nonselective
ion channels that are permeable to molecules of less than
Mr 1000. We show that hemichannels open
upon exposure to calcium-free solutions when they are either
heterologously overexpressed in HEK293 cells or endogenously
expressed in cardiac ventricular myocytes. In the presence of normal
extracellular calcium, hemichannels open during metabolic inhibition.
During ischemia and other forms of metabolic inhibition, activation of
relatively few hemichannels will seriously compromise the cell's
ability to maintain ionic homeostasis, which is an essential step
promoting cell death.
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